In eukaryotes, many receptor agonists use phospholipase-generated lipids as intracellular messengers. Receptor occupation stimulates the production of polyunsaturated 1,2-diacylglycerols by phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate specific phospholipases C and/or of mono-unsaturated and saturated phosphatidates by phospholipase-D-catalysed phosphatidylcholine breakdown. The primary phospholipase p...

Understanding how changes in volumetric water content (theta) affect bacterial adsorption could help reduce transport of pathogenic and indicator bacteria that may be present in infiltrating wastewater. Three flow regimes that simulated infiltration from a household septic system were evaluated: saturated, unsaturated with a constant volumetric water content theta (constant unsaturated flow), a...

Fatty acids (FAs) are essential for cell survival, yet their overaccumulation causes lipotoxicity. To prevent lipotoxicity, cells store excess FAs as triglycerides (TGs). In cultured cells TG synthesis is activated by excess unsaturated but not saturated FAs. Here, we identify Ubxd8 as a sensor for unsaturated FAs and regulator of TG synthesis. In cultured cells depleted of FAs, Ubxd8 inhibits ...

In this study fatty acid contents, because of the importance in human’s life, and their seasonal variations of a dominant bivalve of Haleh Creek were determined for the first time. Fatty acid identification was done by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry) method. After collecting and dissecting the species from the shells, samples weighed and frozen for further experiments. All the samp...

A graph is Ramsey unsaturated if there exists a proper supergraph of the same order with the same Ramsey number, and Ramsey saturated otherwise. We present some result concerning both Ramsey saturated and unsaturated graph. In particular, we show that a cycle Cn and a Jahangir Jm Ramsey unsaturated or saturated graphs of R(Cn,Wm) and R(Pn, Jm), respectively. We also suggest an open problems.

Saturated fatty acids (FA) exert adverse health effects and are more likely to cause insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes than unsaturated FA, some of which exert protective and beneficial effects. Saturated FA, but not unsaturated FA, activate Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which has been linked to obesity and insulin resistance in mice and humans. However, it is unknown how saturated and unsa...

We apply a means to probe, stabilize, and control the size of lipid raft-like domains in vitro. In biomembranes the size of lipid rafts is ca. 10-30 nm. In vitro, mixing saturated and unsaturated lipids results in microdomains, which are unstable and coalesce. This inconsistency is puzzling. It has been hypothesized that biological line-active surfactants reduce the line tension between saturat...