Abstract The level of soil organic carbon (SOC) fluctuates in different types forest stands: this variation can be attributed to differences tree species, and the variables associated with soil, climate, topographical features. present review evaluates SOC stands determine factors responsible for observed variation. Mixed have highest amount SOC, while coniferous (both deciduous-coniferous ever...

The Copper Harbor Conglomerate is a Mesoproterozoic (1.09 Ga) freshwater sedimentary sequence that outcrops in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The formation was deposited during infilling of the failed Midcontinent Rift and contains fluvial, lacustrine, and alluvial fan facies. This study describes and analyzes the formation of small domal structures preserved in fluvial sandstone facies withi...

The Um Alhool area in Qatar is a dynamic evaporative ecosystem that receives seawater from below as it is surrounded by sand dunes. We investigated the chemical composition, the microbial activity and biodiversity of the four main layers (L1-L4) in the photosynthetic mats. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration and distribution (measured by HPLC and hyperspectral imaging, respectively), the phycoc...

The mineral composition of the microbial mats at La Banya spit was studied. The spit is formed by a narrow sand bar and a peninsula and is located south of the main body of the Ebro Delta (Tarragona, Spain). Although quartz was the predominant mineral component in all sampling sites, clay, feldspars, calcite, aragonite, halite, dolomite and gypsum were also found. An increase in both the fine m...

Changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stability may alter carbon release from the soil and, consequently, atmospheric CO2 concentration. The mean annual temperature (MAT) can change the soil physico-chemical characteristics and alter the quality and quantity of litter input into the soil that regulate SOC stability. However, the relationship between climate and SOC stability remains unclear. A 5...

BACKGROUND Hippotherapy uses horseback riding movements for therapeutic purposes. In addition to the horse's movement, the choice of equipment and types of floor are also useful in the intervention. The quantification of dynamic parameters that define the interaction of the surface of contact between horse and rider provides insight into how the type of floor surface variations act upon the sub...