In many important machine learning applications, the source distribution used to estimate a probabilistic classifier differs from the target distribution on which the classifier will be used to make predictions. Due to its asymptotic properties, sample reweighted empirical loss minimization is a commonly employed technique to deal with this difference. However, given finite amounts of labeled s...

We use a linked employer-employee data set from Germany to estimate the wage effect of foreignaffiliates in (the former) East and West Germany. In addition, the wage effects of the large number of West German affiliates which are located in East Germany are also considered. The implemented techniques allow us to control both for workerand plant-level unobserved components of earnings. We find l...

Vocational education in high schools has frequently been stigmatized as an anachronistic, dead-end path for students. We use data from the National Education Longitudinal Survey of 1988 to examine claims that students on a vocational track would benefit from a more academically rigorous education. Clearly, selection bias confounds attempts to untangle the effects of academic tracking on income ...

This paper surveys the empirical evidence on causal effects of educatio studies in the light of their underlying identifying assumptions. We work o which lead to rather different interpretations of the estimated causal effect extend causal return estimates are informative regarding educational policy Despite the substantial methodological differences, we have to conclude t and do not deviate su...

Paying More to Hire the Best? Foreign Firms, Wages and Worker Mobility In the context of the debate on the labour-market consequences of globalisation, we examine worker mobility in order to identify the wage differences between foreign and domestic firms. Using matched employer-employee panel data for Portugal, we consider virtually all spells of interfirm mobility over a period of ten years. ...

Nonparametric Bounds on the Returns to Language Skills This paper applies the theoretical literature on nonparametric bounds on treatment effects to the estimation of how limited English proficiency (LEP) affects wages and employment opportunities for Hispanic workers in the United States. I analyze the identifying power of several weak assumptions on treatment response and selection, and stres...

Unemployment Insurance, Wage Dynamics and Inequality over the Life Cycle We investigate the relationship between life cycle wages and individual membership of unemployment insurance schemes in Denmark. We separate permanent from transitory wages and characterise them using membership of unemployment insurance funds. We find that unemployment insurance is associated with lower wage growth hetero...

Article history: Received 15 January 2013 Received in revised form 18 April 2014 Accepted 22 April 2014 Available online xxxx JEL classification: C33 D3 D91 J31

Causal Returns to Schooling and Individual Heterogeneity E-mail: In this paper, human capital investments are evaluated by assuming heterogeneous returns to schooling. We use the potential outcome approach to measure the causal effect of human capital investments on earnings as a continuous treatment effect. Empirical evidence is based on a sample of West German full-time employed males (BIBB/I...

this paper reviews the relationship between inflation rate and minimum wage in iran’s economy over the 1969-2005. according to the economic literature, there is a narrow relationship between inflation rate and minimum wage. some economists believe in increased inflation due to minimum wage. the other group of economists considers the increased inflation as a cause for increasing minimum wage. t...