Does the social safety net improve welfare? Conventional wisdom says that means-tested social safety net programs improve welfare because they provide partial insurance against large negative shocks by guaranteeing a minimum consumption floor, but some economists have argued that they may also discourage labor supply and reduce capital accumulation. Furthermore, recent research suggests that th...

Hospitals are a symbol of social welfare and the last refuge of patients, which is the most important issue of the health system. Patient safety is the first and most important issue for the health system.  Before COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined the Hospital Safety Index (HSI) to measure hospital preparedness for disasters. During the COVID-19 crisis, hospitals faced many ...

background: today, the growth of major industries depends on their appropriate interaction with small and medium enterprises (smes). in iran, smes have 49 or fewer employees. the present study was an attempt to present an overall view of the condition of professional health and safety in such industries in order to gain information regarding activities related to occupational health and safety....

in the post-islamic era, factors such as constructing the city of baghdad, flourishing of trade, and hajj travels prospered the roadways of the eastern world of islam, which mainly passed through iran, providing for the safety and welfare of these roads were among the significant issues. in the third and fourth centuries a.h., each part of the above-mentioned connecting roads was located in the...

Objectives: Hospitals and clinical centers are concerned about patient safety. Safety climate is a perceived value of safety in an organization that could improve the safety of workers and patients. The present research was conducted to study the safety climate of patients in the hospitals and rehabilitation centers affiliated to the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences.  M...