introduction: nowadays the issue of management is deeply important because of limited facilities and unlimited humans needs. in other word, having a developed society involves application of a systematic and powerful management system. management is a practice of utilizing all available resources to obtain the defined goals. rural development management can be defined as the activity and proces...

tthe study area included parts of the villages in behabad, of bafq county, yazd province, and pool research was conducted in 2008 and 2009. research findings show that rural workers and islamic councils have relatively been successful in development of rural entrepreneurship, and local people believe that entrepreneurs, officials, experts and local commentators, islamic council and rural worker...

introduction today exploiting the participation and the abilities of local people, particularly rural population, toward rural development has been considered as one of the effective strategies toward sustainable and comprehensive development of rural areas. the most important tool to achieve this goal is establishing ngos based on the needs as well as abilities of different groups living in th...

Box 1: Selected Gender Indicators for Ethiopia • Gender-related Development Index (GDI): 142 out of 157 countries • Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM): 84 out of 108 countries • Maternal mortality: 673 deaths per 100,000 live births (2005) • Violence against women (including FGM): affects 73% of women and girls • Early marriage: 75% of girls marry before age 17 • Combined gross primary, secondary...

Vol. 13 No. 4 81 venues (such as beaches or who have access to private swimming pools) to establish estimates of exposure to risk; • an investigation of the circumstances surrounding the drowning of children aged 0–6 years in NSW; • assessment of the feasibility of using community health centres as a contact point for drowning prevention information; • a feasibility trial of using a Safe Commun...

Why do the poor make shortsighted choices in decisions that involve delayed payoffs? Foregoing immediate rewards for larger, later rewards requires that decision makers (i) believe future payoffs will occur and (ii) are not forced to take the immediate reward out of financial need. Low-income individuals may be both less likely to believe future payoffs will occur and less able to forego immedi...

We present the collaborative development of a web-based data collection and monitoring plan for thirty-two county councils within New Mexico's health council system. The monitoring plan, a key component in our multiyear participatory statewide evaluation process, was co-developed with the end users: representatives of the health councils. Guided by the Institute of Medicine's Community, Health ...