OBJECTIVE To examine the interobserver variability for fetal biometric parameters and to focus on how this variability affects the combined first-trimester screening test results. METHODS Sixty-four singleton pregnancies who were scheduled for combined first-trimester screening were investigated. Two experienced sonographers performed all examinations at the same visit. The risk calculations ...

Histological and morphometric studies were performed on 30 thyroid glands obtained from normal human fetuses. Their crown-rump length (CRL) ranged from 57 to 190 mm, corresponding to the gestational age of 10-20 weeks. The weight of the thyroid gland increased proportionally in relation to CRL, foot length and fetus weight. The first follicles containing PAS-positive colloid were observed in th...

OBJECTIVE To describe the sonographic appearance and temporal changes of the structures of the posterior cranial fossa in fetuses at a crown-rump length (CRL) between 45 and 84 mm in transvaginal acquired three-dimensional volume blocks. METHODS This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study including 80 fetuses, whose mothers attended Kepler University Hospital Linz or the Ambu...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence of septations in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, and to investigate the relationship between the length and thickness of the translucency and whether the length or septations provide useful information concerning the fetal karyotype in addition to that provided by the NT thickness alone. METHODS We examined 386 fetuses with NT thi...

Methods A total of 1490 pregnant women were assessed for first trimester ultrasonography. They had routinely measured crown-rump length (CRL) and nuchal translucency (NT) for screening for Down syndrome between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation. Cases with a NT≥3 mm were counselled further regarding the risk of chromosomal abnormality and prenatal diagnosis by fetal karyotyping. A complete follow-up...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to obtain precise knowledge of fetal biometric measurements, in particular crown-rump length (CRL). Our results have been carefully compared to equations found in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-operator measurements of 2,123 spontaneous pregnancies from a general French population provided new statistical relationships between fetal age...

there are some reports about development of prenatal ruminants' testis. but there is not any report about it in goat; so the present study was performed on 23 goats fetuses collected from ahvaz slaughterhouse. after measuring fetuses crown rump length (crl), their approximate ages were determined. on the basis of the crl, the fetuses were divided into 6 groups. then testes were extruded ou...

BACKGROUND The origins of respiratory disease might be traced back to exposures during fetal life. The aim of the present study was to explore whether there was a relationship between fetal size and respiratory outcomes at 5 years of age in the context of fetal exposure to vitamin E. METHODS A longitudinal birth cohort study was recruited (n=1924). Antenatal ultrasound scan results were identif...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine the association of crown-rump length (CRL) discrepancy in monochorionic and dichorionic twins with subsequent pregnancy outcomes. METHOD A retrospective analytical study was performed among 660 twin pregnancies over 12 years in one fetal medicine tertiary referral center in the United Kingdom. A literature search was performed to identif...

OBJECTIVE To determine the value of measuring fetal femur and humerus length at 11-14 weeks of gestation in screening for chromosomal defects. METHODS Femur and humerus lengths were measured using transabdominal ultrasound in 1018 fetuses immediately before chorionic villus sampling for karyotyping at 11-14 weeks of gestation. In the group of chromosomally normal fetuses, regression analysis ...