This paper provides an analysis of the judgment by the German Supreme Court in socalled Poem title list III (Gedichttitelliste III) together with relevant background to the case. The dispute concerned the infringement of the Sui Generis database right and the domestic supreme court decided the matter after the European Court of Justice gave its preliminary ruling on the interpretation of the re...

The subject of neural coding has generated much debate. A key issue is whether the nervous system uses coarse or fine coding. Each has different strengths and weaknesses and, therefore, different implications for how the brain computes. For example, the strength of coarse coding is that it is robust to fluctuations in spike arrival times; downstream neurons do not have to keep track of the deta...

Abstract This article deals with a new development in the jurisprudence of Poland’s Constitutional Tribunal: Tribunal’s finding that art. 6 European Convention on Human Rights is incompatible to some extent Polish Constitution. The Tribunal ruled thus for first time its judgment 24 November 2021 case ref. K 6/21 reaction Court Xero Flor v. Poland (application no. 4907/18). critiques this both f...

This article deals with the analysis of judgment No. 383/2018 ruled by Court for Administrative Matters, on September 20th, 2018, which confirms administrative act issued National Administration Power Plants and Electric Transmissions. Said ruling applied a disciplinary sanction to three officials due detection irregularities in their participation an contracting procedure. The analyzes breach ...

Spain’s infringement of the principle effectiveness, motivated by legal regime applicable to liability State-legislator, does not precisely strike out as surprising. The judgment Commission v Spain contains, however, a novel and worrying development with regard equivalence – that, according judgment, has been infringed national legislation, which mandates that Brasserie conditions be applied cl...

Point of care testing (POCT) allows, among others, for efficient care of patients presenting with acute problems to primary care physicians. A combination of clinical information and laboratory results enables physicians to obtain posttest probabilities for the presence or absence of a specific disease. In order to rule in or rule out a disease, the physician has to know both the pretest probab...

This paper presents a representation for video with application to coding. In recent years, scalability of image compression systems has gained in popularity. Our approach is scalable in the normal sense, but instead of allowing overall image frame quality to degrade with lower bandwidth, salient portions of the image frame maintain high quality while less important portions are allowed to degr...