BACKGROUND Classic rapid-sequence induction of anaesthesia (RSI-classic) in infants and small children presents a time-critical procedure, regularly associated with hypoxia. This results in high stress levels for the provider and may trigger unsafe actions. Hence, a controlled induction technique (RSI-controlled) that involves gentle mask ventilation until full non-depolarizing muscular blockad...

This article is a summary of the proceedings from a panel presentation and discussion ‘‘Prehospital Rapidsequence Intubation—What Does the Evidence Show?’’ presented at the National Association of EMS Physicians (NAEMSP) annual meeting, Tucson, Arizona, in January 2004. The presenters, Henry E. Wang, MD, MPH, Daniel P. Davis, MD, and Marvin A. Wayne, MD, are nationally recognized leaders in the...

Responses to recently ignored stimuli may be slower or less accurate than to new stimuli. This negative priming effect decays over time when delay is randomized within subjects, but not when delay varies between subjects. In Experiment 1, response-stimulus intervals (RSI) of 500 and 4,000 ms were randomized within subjects in a target localization task. Negative priming of ignored locations dim...

BACKGROUND The ratio of systolic blood pressure (SBP) to heart rate (HR), called the reverse shock index (RSI), is used to evaluate the hemodynamic stability of trauma patients. To minimize undertriage in emergency departments (EDs), we evaluated whether RSI < 1 (i.e., SBP lower than HR) could be used as an additional variable to identify patients at high risk for more severe injury within a le...

BACKGROUND Rib stress injury (RSI) is the development of pain due to bone oedema caused by overload along the rib shaft and is commonly seen in rowers. Often clinicians who manage this injury are experienced with the condition at the elite level. There may, however, be a lack of confidence in diagnosing and managing this condition by clinicians who are not regularly exposed to this injury. As a...

In the present work we have studied the anthropometrical characteristics of the pianists hands to predict their potential vulnerability to suffer from Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI). To get this goal we studied the size and morphotype of the hands of pianists affected by RSI. Firstly we observed that 222 individuals from 341 studied pianists (65.1% of the total) presented RSI. Secondly we appre...

Background: Critically ill and septic patients often require emergency orotracheal intubation. Etomidate is associated with a reversible adrenal insufficiency which potentially increases the in-hospital mortality, particularly in patients with sepsis. Moreover; standard anesthetization might severely aggravate shock symptoms during rapid sequence induction (RSI). Ketamine with its known stabili...

OBJECTIVES The presentation of decrease blood pressure with tachycardia is usually an indicator of significant blood loss. In this study, we used the reverse shock index (RSI), a ratio of systolic blood pressure (SBP) to heart rate (HR), to evaluate the haemodynamic status of trauma patients. As an SBP lower than the HR (RSI<1) may indicate haemodynamic instability, the objective of this study ...

OBJECTIVE To examine correlations between the Pediatric Voice Outcome Survey (PVOS) score, the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) score, the Reflux Finding Score (RFS), and esophageal biopsy findings in children undergoing upper aerodigestive tract endoscopy. DESIGN Retrospective review of pediatric voice quality-of-life and laryngopharyngeal reflux surveys. Blinded assessment of endoscopic laryngeal...

To the Editor: The article on pre-hospital rapid sequence induction (RSI) in the September issue of the SAMJ [1] makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of RSI in this environment in South Africa (SA). However, there are some factual inaccuracies in the article regarding the educational background of those performing the procedure, which I would like to clarify. In SA, emergency care...