This chapter discusses about the behavior of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) different structures which can be used as interconnect in Very Large Scale (VLSI) circuits in nanoscale regime. Also interconnect challenges in VLSI circuits which lead to use CNT as interconnect instead of Cu, is reviewed. CNTs are classified into three main types including Single-walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT), CNT Bundle, and...

We investigate the failed partial eruption of a filament system in NOAA AR 12104 on 2014 July 5, using multiwavelength EUV, magnetogram, and H$\alpha$ observations, as well magnetic field modeling. The consists two almost co-spatial segments with different end points, both resembling C shape. Following an ejection precursor flare related to flux cancellation, only upper segment rises then displ...

Aiming at the large deformation problem of U type steel support for the roadway in deep high stress soft rock, By means of theoretic analysis and digital imitation, study on U type steel support for soft Rock Roadway. A u shaped steel & anchor rope combined supporting structure was put forward ,with the help of numerical simulation analyzing the structural, results show that the structure contr...

The mechanisms by which carbon nanotubule ~CNT! proximal probe tips deform during the indentation of surfaces are explored using classical molecular-dynamics simulations. The forces acting on the atoms in the simulations are calculated using the Brenner empirical bond-order potential for hydrocarbons. The results show that open and capped single-walled CNT tips indented against hydrogen-termina...

A bundle-shaped nano-supramolecular assembly possessing numerous luminescent cyclodextrin-Tb polyads and photosensitizing C(60) units has been constructed through the end-to-end inclusion complexation of cyclodextrin cavities with C(60)s, and its properties have been comprehensively characterized. Further investigations on the luminescence properties of the cyclodextrin-Tb polyad and the bundle...

The actin bundles essential for Drosophila bristle elongation are hundreds of microns long and composed of cross-linked unipolar filaments. These long bundles are built from much shorter modules that graft together. Using both confocal and electron microscopy, we demonstrate that newly synthesized modules are short (1-2 microm in length); modules elongate to approximately 3 microm by growing ov...

Understanding the nature and characteristics of high-frequency waves inside a flux rope may be important as wave-particle interaction is for charged-particle energization ensuing dissipation process. We analyze generated by an electron beam in crater-shaped magnetic observed MMS spacecraft on dawnside tailward magnetopause. In this observation, depression field, or crater, ?100 km located at ce...

The inorganic scaffold of the spicules, the skeletal elements of the calcareous sponges, is formed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The growth of the approximately 300-μm large spicules, such as those of the calcareous sponge Sycon raphanus used in the present study, is a rapid process with a rate of about 65 μm/h. The formation of CaCO3 is predominantly carried out by the enzyme carbonic anhydras...

Abstract One strong magnetic cloud (MC) with a field magnitude reaching ?40 nT at 1 au during 2012 June 16–17 is examined in association preexisting flux rope (MFR) identified on the Sun. The MC characterized by quasi-three-dimensional (3D) model based situ measurements from Wind spacecraft. contents of and other parameters are quantified. In addition, correlative study corresponding same struc...

We present a 3D simulation of the dynamic emergence of a twisted magnetic flux tube from the top layer of the solar convection zone into the solar atmosphere and corona. It is found that after a brief initial stage of flux emergence during which the two polarities of the bipolar region become separated and the tubes intersecting the photosphere become vertical, significant rotational motion set...