TLR4 gene, vitally linked to resistance infection with Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium in chickens, was chosen as a candidate gene for this investigation assess the probable impact of microsatellite genotypes on relative expression gene. Our study documented variable level tissue bursa RIR chicken encoded different genotypes. The DD and CC MCW0330 demonstrated numerically higher mRNA tha...

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which causes retinal ischemia and progressive neuronal death. Retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) injury is a common clinical condition representing the main cause of irreversible visual field defects in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate whether non-apoptotic forms of programmed cell deat...

Materials and Methods About 85% of chicken stock of India belongs to small sector which provides 50%of total egg production [1-3].Familychicken through the InternationalNetwork on Family Poultry Development (INFPD) was also committed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) as a Special Programme for Food Security (SPFS) in the developing countries including India where backyard chicken p...

In our first experiment, we studied the effect of injection method of blastoderm cells (BC) into the subgerminal cavity of White Leghorn embryos on hatchability of chicken chimeras. Freshly laid eggs were injected through a hole made in the equatorial plane of the eggshell (Method A). In Method B, eggs were stored pointed end down for 5 to 7 d prior to injection, and a hole was cut in the blunt...

BACKGROUND International migration rapidly increased in the last decade, raising a renewed attention to its impact on public health. We evaluated differences in rubella immunization rate (RIR) between immigrant and Italian women of childbearing age and tried to identify the driving factors causing them. METHODS We analyzed data from the Italian behavioral surveillance system PASSI collected i...

The major contribution of backyard poultry consumption in improving per capita nutrients level is well documented. Further improvement would be possible by crossbreeding with the highly producing breeds like white with the locally used in backyard poultry which is low producer. Fertility and hatchability are important parameters that should be studied before finalizing the cross breeding progra...

The Digital Waveguide Mesh (DWM) is a numerical simulation method that can be used to model acoustic wave propagation in an enclosed system. The output from a DWM model is the Room Impulse Response (RIR) of the modelled space for given source/receiver locations. RoomWeaver is a PC application used to model the acoustics of spaces using the DWM. This project deals with how to auralize the result...

Recent technical advances in positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) technology allow much improved time-of-flight (TOF) and regularized iterative PET reconstruction regularized iterative reconstruction (RIR) algorithms. We evaluated the effect of TOF and RIR on standardized uptake values (maximum and peak SUV [SUVmax and SUVpeak]) and their metabolic tumor volume depe...

The Digital Waveguide Mesh (DWM) is a numerical simulation method that can be used to model acoustic wave propagation in an enclosed system. The output from a DWM model is the Room Impulse Response (RIR) of the modelled space for given source/receiver locations. RoomWeaver is a PC application used to model the acoustics of spaces using the DWM. This project deals with how to auralize the result...

Despite advancements in prevention measures, infectious mastitis is a common disease of economic significance cattle. Clinical affects 20 to 25% cows each year. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes an estimated 10-11.7% clinical bovine cases the US. Antibiotic therapy tends fail 50% time and nature vaccine immunity usually fails, due S. aureus’ evasion mechanisms, leading significant morbid...