Prior to 1971, women had some difficulty obtaining contraceptive materials due to a law prohibiting the distribution of contraceptives by anyone other than a registered physician or registered pharmacist. This limited access to contraceptives had an impact on women?s reproductive rights [6] and it was the Supreme Court case Eisenstadt v. Baird (1972) that helped bring the issue into the public ...

The aim of privacy preserving data mining (PPDM) algorithms is to extract relevant knowledge from large amounts of data while protecting at the same time sensitive information. An important aspect in the design of such algorithms is the identification of suitable evaluation criteria and the development of related benchmarks. Recent research in the area has devoted much effort to determine a tra...

P rivacy is very important. Whatever it is. The debate on privacy is notable for the lack of agreement — what is it for, is it a good or a bad thing, a right or a preference? As philosopher Judith Jarvis Thomson put it, “Perhaps the most striking thing about the right to privacy is that nobody seems to have any clear idea of what it is.”1 In a classic legal paper, William Prosser dismissed it a...

Privacy is an ancient concept, but its interpretation and application in the area of e-commerce are still new. It is increasingly widely accepted, however, that by giving precedence to consumer privacy bigger benefits can be reaped by all parties involved. There has been much investigation into the concept of privacy, legal frameworks for protecting this most impalpable of human values and, mor...

The complexity of the changes that have affected digital economy, as well as modern society in whole, is primarily reflected in the frequent use of terms such as information, data (and information) security, personal information, the right to privacy and the information society. As a result, numerous articles, studies and research are dealing with this topic. The starting point of the paper pre...

While multiparty computations are becoming more and more efficient, their performance has not reached the needed level to be widely deployed for many applications. Nevertheless, the heterogeneous environment of modern computing needs this functionality to provide users their right to privacy. For a wide range of applications there is no need for complex computations, operations such as multipli...

The Choice of the Agenda in Labor Negotiations: Efficiency and Behavioral Considerations The labor economics literature has shown that the “efficient bargaining” model, in which wage and employment are negotiated simultaneously, is less frequently used on unionized markets than the less efficient “right-to-manage” model, in which wage is determined via bargaining and employment determined subse...