by the increased level of benefits available for additional children. Prior to the August 1996 welfare reform, 19 states had received federal waivers to put family caps in place. However, the newly passed block-grant cash assistance program, Temporary Aid to Needy Families, specifies that states no longer need a federal waiver to enact a family-cap provision. Determining the level of repeat fer...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the association between facial pattern according to Ricketts cephalometric analysis, and prevalence of third molar agenesis, taking subject age and gender as control variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS An epidemiological survey was conducted based on a sample of 224 candidates for orthodontic treatment aged 12 to 24 (n=224). Third molar agenesis w...

Nutritional rickets in children, particularly of Asian immigrants to the U.K., has been well documented over the past 20 years. Its incidence among infafits whose parents are Rastafarians of West Indian origin has not previously been described. In a 3-month period four cases of florid nutritional rickets were discovered at this hospital, and a new 'at-risk' group may have been identified.

INTRODUCTION Despite discussion on the merit of various cephalometric superimposition methods, there remains a need to assess which one can be used in daily practice with reasonably accuracy and less working time. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate four methods of cephalometric superimposition by means of assessing the longitudinal changes in craniofacial morphology caused by ...

UNLABELLED Complex restorative cases require difficult clinical decisions regarding the final esthetic outcome in which the operator must visualize the definitive restorative position of the teeth. These critical decisions need to be made before treatment is rendered. Communicating these decisions to the patient and the treatment team are crucial prior to achieving clinical success. The estheti...

This study was carried out on 40 lateral cephalograms of Croatian subjects aged 12 to 15 years with dental and skeletal class I. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the means and standard deviations of the soft tissue parameters in the sample of Croatian population exhibiting dental and skeletal class I and to find the correlations between investigated parameters. The investigati...

INTRODUCTION Our objectives were to determine whether observer and patient sex and race or ethnicity determine esthetic preferences for lip positions. METHODS Four independent panels each consisting of 30 lay judges viewed pretreatment silhouette profiles of 10 European American, 10 Japanese, and 10 African American Angle Class I and Class II orthodontic patients. The panels included European...

Introduction: Determination of malocclusion including individual tooth malposition is crucial during diagnosis and treatment planning. Along with anteroposterior mal-relation, there often the rotation upper first molars in Class II cases. Rotated not only occupy more space than normally positioned but also increase challenge for orthodontic treatment. Aims objectives: This study aimed to determ...

Conservative clinical solutions, predictable esthetic, and immediate outcomes are important concepts of restorative dentistry. The aim of this case study was to recognize the selective enamel removal as an interesting conservative alternative to achieve optimal esthetic results and discuss the clinical protocol. This clinical report described an alternative esthetic and conservative treatment t...