The use of social sanctions against behaviour which contradicts a set of informal rules is often an important element in the functioning of informal institutions in traditional societies. In the social sciences, sanctioning behaviour has often been explained in terms of the internalisation of norms that prescribe the sanctions (e.g. Parsons 1951) or the threat of new sanctions against those who...

this qualitative study presents women’s perceptions of domestic violence and their coping strategies based on self-narratives collected from a small sample in iran. by limiting women’s access to life opportunities, domestic violence is a major obstacle to social, economic, and political equity and by extension to development. violence against women goes beyond being a personal or a private issu...

This study assessed the effects of role models in persuasive messages about risk and social norms to increase motivation to obtain hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM at risk for HBV in The Netherlands (N = 168) were recruited online via a range of websites and were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2 (risk communication: yes and no) × 2 (s...

Despite the ubiquitous reference to the concept of social norms in the social sciences, there is no consensus about the power of social norms to direct human action. For some, norms have a central and regular influence on human behavior, while for others, the concept is too vague, and the evidence we have about norm compliance is too contradictory to support the claim that they appreciably affe...

Persistent, widespread harassment in schools can be understood as a product of collective school norms that deem harassment, and behavior allowing harassment to escalate, as typical and even desirable. Thus, one approach to reducing harassment is to change students' perceptions of these collective norms. Theory suggests that the public behavior of highly connected and chronically salient actors...

The field of sexual assault prevention is shifting attention to educational interventions that address the role of men in ending violence against women. Recent studies document the often-misperceived norms men hold about other men's endorsement of rape-supportive attitudes and behaviors. The authors provide further evidence supporting the design of population-based social norms interventions to...

sociological analysis of gender relations in films has always been important to sociologists due to monitoring social relations and structures. in this research, the researcher tries to investigate quality of gender relations in iranian films after the revolution. the fundamental question of the research is how gender inequality is represented and constructed in interaction of men and women in ...

The social history of the mobile telephone involves both the history of technological development and an account of changing social and political frameworks into which the new technological developments become integrated. The technological innovations of mobile telephony were established from the 1940s, but it was not until the 1990s that adoption took off. It has been claimed that the mobile t...