The Rev protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) binds to an RNA structure, the Rev-responsive element (RRE), to enhance expression of the viral structural genes by relieving the nuclear sequestration of incompletely spliced viral transcripts. It has been suggested that nuclear retention of these mRNAs, in mammalian cells, is due to the activity of either cis-acting repressive seq...

segemehl is a software to map short sequencer reads to reference genomes. Unlike other methods, segemehl is able to detect not only mismatches but also insertions and deletions. Furthermore, segemehl is not limited to a specific read length and is able to map primeror polyadenylation contaminated reads correctly. segemehl implements a matching strategy based on enhanced suffix arrays (ESA). seg...

Changes since last paper, n2944 ................................................................................................................ 1 Background ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Status Quo: Inconsistent and Incomplete .......................................................

We consider the microfoundations controversy from the perspective of economic evolution. Although the analogy between biology and economics has been noted before, it has rarely focused on clarifying the micro–macro distinction in economic theory and modelling. The micro–macro debate is more developed in biology than in economics owing to a greater degree of specialisation and a greater degree o...

167 In issue number 1 of the Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia where the year 2010 is printed at the foot of the page, it should read 2011. In the memorial lecture of Pedro Clóvis Junqueira the date should read 2010. On page 4, it should read DOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20110004 On page 35, it should read DOI: 105581/1516-8484.20110012 The citation of the articles should follow that of...

The HIV-1 Rev response element (RRE) is a ~350 nucleotide, highly structured, cis-acting RNA element essential for viral replication. It is located in the env coding region of the viral genome and is extremely well conserved across different HIV-1 isolates. It is present on all partially spliced and unspliced viral mRNA transcripts, and serves as an RNA framework onto which multiple molecules o...

The HIV-1 protein Rev controls a critical step in viral replication by mediating the nuclear export of unspliced and singly-spliced viral mRNAs. Multiple Rev subunits assemble on the Rev Response Element (RRE), a structured region present in these RNAs, and direct their export through the Crm1 pathway. Rev-RRE assembly occurs via several Rev oligomerization and RNA-binding steps, but how these ...