To determine if there is a gender difference in the resource consumption activities of students in Central Mindanao University, a Philippine state university, an ecological foot printing study was conducted in August 2014. Consumption data from 380 student respondents were gathered using a survey questionnaire. A web-based software created by the Global Footprint Network was used to convert the...

This work explores the historical effectiveness of efficiency improvements in reducing mankind’s impact on the earth. Ten activities are analyzed, including pig iron production, aluminum production, nitrogen fertilizer production, electricity generation from coal, oil, and natural gas, freight rail travel, passenger air travel, motor vehicle travel, and refrigeration. The data and analyses pres...

Preserving a system's viability in the presence of diversity erosion is critical if the goal is to sustainably support biodiversity. Reduction in population heterogeneity, whether inter- or intraspecies, may increase population fragility, either decreasing its ability to adapt effectively to environmental changes or facilitating the survival and success of ordinarily rare phenotypes. The latter...

An essential requirement for providing secure services in wireless sensor networks is the ability to establish pairwise keys among sensors. Due to resource constraints on the sensors, the key establishment scheme should not create significant overhead. To date, several key establishment schemes have been proposed. Some of these have appropriate connectivity and resistance against key exposure, ...

Conservation of resources such as bandwidth, energy and memory are of a concern in Resource Constrained Networks (RCNs). Wireless mobile devices, especially low cost devices are stifled by the limited resources such as battery power, screen size, input, memory and processors. The low cost wireless mobile devices penetrating the developing world market demand for a cost effective messaging forma...