The organizational demography, sensemaking, and high reliability literatures often assert that requisite variety enables organizations to notice more, develop a broader repertoire of responses, and be more adaptive over time. While this assertion remains intuitively appealing it has received little focused empirical attention. The empirical tests that have claimed to test requisite variety have...

SFI Working Papers contain accounts of scienti5ic work of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Santa Fe Institute. We accept papers intended for publication in peer-reviewed journals or proceedings volumes, but not papers that have already appeared in print. Except for papers by our external faculty, papers must be based on work done at SFI, inspired by an invited vis...

Despite leadership being considered essential to successful organizational change, reviews of empirical research on the subject reveal inconsistencies in approaches to, and measurements of, both its impact change outcomes. The study development should reach beyond simple focus individual leaders ultimately broaden our view how most meaningful can be made. Toward this end, a general framework im...

knowledge creation and innovation is recognized to be of paramount importance to the competitive advantage of organizations in modem economics. this research empirically investigates the creation of new knowledge. to analyze data, we used regression. the results indicate that intention, requisite variety, individual autonomy, project autonomy and redundancy are highly associated with successful...