Targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway with orally available immune-modulatory fingolimod (Gilenya™) therapy ameliorates relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) by decreasing relapse rate as shown in FREEDOMS and TRANSFORMS. Fingolimod has also been shown to be superior to interferon-beta therapy as evidenced by TRANSFORMS. Albeit multiple benefits in treatment of multiple sclerosis in...

Neuropsychological studies have consistently reported cognitive dysfunctions associated with multiple sclerosis. One-hundred fifteen subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) were compared with forty health controls according to a neuropsychological test battery, which included digit span, trail making, cancellation and stroop test. Both groups were matched for age, sex and ed...

Background: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) report lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than other chronic disease populations. This study aims to identify risk factors relapsing or remitting (RRMS) and assess its impact on HRQoL in Lebanese MS patients. methods: A thre-month case-control was performed among 75 RRMS case patients recruited from two clinics Beirut 225 controls the ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the secular trends and geographical differences in the incidence of relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) in Finland, and to draw inferences about aetiological differences between the two forms of the disease. METHODS New multiple sclerosis cases in southern Uusimaa and the western districts Vaasa and Seinäjoki of Finland in 1979-199...

BACKGROUND Although most patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) will develop secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), little is known about the burden of multiple sclerosis by disease subtype. This study describes the burden of disease in terms of demographics, disease severity, symptoms, health care resource and disease-modifying therapy (DMT) utilization, work and...

NK/T-cell ratios predict disease activity in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). We investigated 50 RRMS patients whether interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (IL-2R?) expression and shedding associates with balance, as suggested by daclizumab-trials RRMS. A subsample (N = 31) was genotyped for IL2RA-associated MS risk SNPs. CD56bright NK-cell/IL-17A+CD4+ T-cell correlated negatively p...

Background: It has been reported that liver function alterations occur in 8–38% of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with interferon-beta in controlled clinical trials or in prospective but non-controlled studies. We report herein a case of symptomatic liver dysfunction associated with two-year-period of regular interferon-beta-1a (Avonex®) intramuscular inje...

Little is known about perceptions of body image in women diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). This descriptive correlational study was conducted to describe how women perceive their body image while living with RRMS, and to examine a potential relationship between body image and depression in women who have RRMS. A convenience sample of 30 women from a western Canadian ...

The expression of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) known to be involved in the regulation of immune responses was analyzed in 74 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 32 healthy controls. Four miRNAs (miR-326, miR-155, miR-146a, miR-142-3p) were aberrantly expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from RRMS patients compared to controls. Although expression of these s...

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) management has dramatically changed over the past decade. New drugs have arrived on the market, allowing for more individualised treatment selection. However, this diversity has increased the complexity of RRMS patient follow-up. In this review, we provide summarised information about treatment efficacy, potential side-effects, follow-up recommendat...