People are often motivated to reach self-serving conclusions during judgment. This article examines how such self-serving judgment outcomes are influenced by preferences for different judgment strategies. Two studies tested how preferences for eager (promotion-oriented) versus vigilant (prevention-oriented) judgment strategies affected self-serving explanations for success or failure. Regardles...

PURPOSE To study the effect of noise on speech rate judgment and signal-to-noise ratio threshold (SNR50) at different speech rates (slow, preferred, and fast). RESEARCH DESIGN Speech rate judgment and SNR50 tasks were completed in a normal-hearing condition and a simulated hearing-loss condition. STUDY SAMPLE Twenty-four female and six male young, normal-hearing participants. RESULTS Spee...

Although misjudgment is an issue of primary concern to the justice system and public safety, the response to misjudgment by the human brain remains unclear. We used fMRI to record neural activity in participants that encountered four possible judgments by the justice system with two basic components: whether the judgment was right or wrong [accuracy: right vs. wrong (misjudgment)] and whether t...

The relationship between contextual information and object perception has received considerable attention in neuroimaging studies. In the work reported here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the relationship between aesthetic judgment and images of objects in their normal contextual setting versus images of objects in abnormal contextual settings and the under...

according to the articles 169 to 179 of the civil judgment enforcement law, the enforcement of the foreign judgment in the iranian law is based on the reciprocal act. but extension of international relations in the world today, above all in the commercial domain, requires that enforcement of foreign judgment be accepted after obtaining its correctness conditions based on res judicata. therefore...

Three experiments investigated how trait anxiety would influence individuals' assumptions about the relevance of their experiences of state anxiety for judgments of risk. Experiment 1 found that attributions of state anxiety to a judgment-irrelevant source reduced the risk estimates of low, but not of high, trait-anxious individuals. The results of Experiment 2 suggest that attribution manipula...