Many of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries use global budgeting to control all or certain portions of their health care expenditures. Although the use of global budgets as a cost-containment tool has not been implemented in the United States in any comprehensive way, recent health care reform initiatives have increased the need for research into such tools. In g...

This paper examines the factors affecting the participation of farm households in farm land rental markets with particular focus on the impact of the land reform. The operational outcomes of such market participation are also analysed. The study used a panel dataset of farm households surveyed before and after the land reform with Random Effect Tobit model. The analysis showed that the land ref...

Health care reform, whether at the state or national level, will require greater attention to health care data base development. Regardless of the operational specifics of an eventual reform plan, thorough planning will be needed to establish an information system sufficient for the needs of policymakers, consumers, providers and third-party payers alike. The process of system planning and oper...

After six years' medical reform, about 7.8 billion person-times of medical service has been achieved by 2014, and the number of persons covered by basic medical insurance for urban employees, basic medical insurance for urban residents, and new rural cooperative medical insurance exceeded 1.3 billion, of which the coverage ratio reached as high as over 95%, establishing the largest basic medica...

Modern infrastructure, particularly electricity, is critical to economic development. Deficits cause shortages that constrain total output, magnifying the return to their elimination. South Asia, faced with inefficient and bankrupt state-owned vertically integrated electricity supply industries, was under strong pressure to reform. An imperfect diagnosis encouraged private investment in generat...

This paper provides three frameworks for understanding the process of implementing a financial reform in an African country that has adopted a policy of devolution. The paper is based on four years of experience in implementing a financial reform under Ethiopia’s Civil Service Reform. The first framework, which we have termed the Framework for Financial Reform, provides an overall conception of...

Land reform usually refers to redistribution of land from the rich to the poor. More broadly, it includes regulation of ownership, operation, leasing, sales, and inheritance of land (indeed, the redistribution of land itself requires legal changes). In an agrarian economy like India with great scarcity, and an unequal distribution, of land, coupled with a large mass of the rural population belo...

The current literature on the politics of social policy has two major shortcomings: health care reforms are undertheoretized and research on Anglophone Africa tends to neglect health reforms. To tackle this, a case study on Kenya presents (failed) re-forms such as universal or categorical free health care or the introduction of health insurance and the expansion of its coverage. The case study ...