This paper reports some of the influences of individual reflections on the timbre of reproduced sound. A single loudspeaker with frequency-independent directivity characteristics, positioned in a listening room of normal size with frequency-independent absorption coefficients of the room surfaces, has been simulated using an electroacoustic setup. The model included the direct sound, 17 individ...

Diffuse reflections have received increasing attention in architectural acoustics over the past quarter century. The term diffuse refers to non-specular directions. This paper identifies three mechanisms that cause diffuse reflections. Practitioners have found that changing specular reflections into diffuse reflections can reduce noise and echoes both indoors and outdoors. Developers of acousti...

this paper deals with an essential problem which the modern western thinker faced with and tried to find a solution for that in the benefit of modern humanity. this problem is human reason and his free mind. the author tries here to go back to zarathrustrian concept of mind and bring forth some fresh reflections in a comparative way. this will let him to evaluate in the main the view that argue...

Thermal reflections are a common source of problems in interpreting infrared (IR) thermal images. In particular, atomically smooth surfaces like glass, metals, or wet surfaces, and also brick and concrete, may easily give rise to reflections of infrared radiation from often uncared sources. If unnoticed, these thermal reflections may give rise to misinterpretations of the object temperature. Af...

Real-time rendering of recursive reflections have previously been done using different techniques. However, a fast unified approach for capturing recursive reflections on both planar and curved surfaces, as well as glossy reflections and interreflections between such primitives, have not been described. This paper describes a framework for efficient simulation of recursive specular reflections ...

We present a technique for rendering reflections on complex reflectors at interactive rates based on approximating the geometry of the reflected scene with impostors. The reflections correctly convey the distance to the reflector surface and provide motion parallax. Two types of impostors are adapted to the reflections framework: billboards and depth maps. Billboards remove most of the problems...

The synthesis and single-crystal X-ray structure determination of the title compound [(bipy) , Pb(0 ,CMe) (O ClO )] (1) and [(bipy) Pb(ClO ) ] (2) is described. Compound (I) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1(2), a= 7.384(2), b= 12.824(3), c= 10.622(6) A, ?= 73.41(2), ?= 80.98(2), ?= 73.68(2)', Z= 2, and R =0.033 for 3408 independent reflections .Compound (2) crystallizes in the ...

The intensity value recorded by terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) systems is significantly influenced by the incidence angle. The incidence angle effect is an object property, which is mainly related to target scattering properties, surface structures, and even some instrumental effects. Most existing models focus on diffuse reflections of rough surfaces and ignore specular reflections, despite ...

This paper provides an overview of propagation studies beyond 100 GHz in the Terahertz Communications Lab in Braunschweig and the results achieved so far. In particular, rough surface reflections are investigated. The example is concrete plaster. Also the effect of multiple reflections in layered media is studied. The investigated material is wall paint on plaster. Index Terms — THz communicati...

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