The thesis is focussed on low consistency (LC) refining of mechanical pulp. The research included evaluations of energy efficiency, development of pulp properties, the influence of fibre concentration on LC refining and effects of rotor position in a two-zoned LC refiner. Trials were made in mill scale in a modern TMP line equipped with an MSD Impressafiner for chip pre-treatment, double disc (...

possibility of replacing whole soy flour for chocolate fat in chocolate production and its impact on textural, rheological and sensory properties of low fat chocolate was explored. for doing this, whole soy flour in 5 levels (0, 2,4,6,8 percent) and two refining times (105 and 135 minutes) was employed. results indicated that longer refining time gave rise to reduction in particles size and inc...

Inspired by Cardelli’s pioneering work, many type disciplines for object-oriented programming are based on enrichments of structural type theories with constructs such as subtyping and bounded polymorphism. A principal benefit of such a formulation is that the absence of “message not understood” errors is an immediate corollary of the type safety theorem. A principal drawback is that the result...

one of the most important stages in sugar industry that making wastewater and contamination is the water obtained to washing of co2 in mazoot furnace and related pumps. amount of water consumption in this stage is about 30 to 35 percent of weight of sugar beet, so amount of this stream is considerable. mixing of carbon black and water compose the colloid in liquid phase. these colloids do not s...