Banking is inevitably associated with risks. No matter what efforts the bank makes to minimize risks, they will always exist – only question extent. Lending operations are among most profitable types of banking, but a high level risk. The instability economic situation in country, imperfection legal framework this area necessitate detailed study problems minimizing credit It should be noted tha...

In this study, the effectiveness of training close reading has been evaluated on reducing exam anxiety (reducing Social Credit, cognitive barriers and tension mode) of female students in the 8th grade. The research method was an experimental type. The statistical population of the research was female students of the 5th district of Tehran who was studying at the eighth gra...

With more internet giants develop online shopping platform, the credit of platform has become the key point of competitive advantages. The sellers are the supplier of credit, while the platform is the supervisor of credit. Game model is built to study the factors affect the seller’s credit supply and the platform’s supervision intensity. We draw suggestions about how to optimize the credit supp...

Most of the academic literature on retail payment systems focuses, for tractability reasons, on the case of a single payment system. However, a more realistic situation is one where several systems compete and where consumers have the choice between several means of payment (debit card, credit card, charge card, cheque, transfer, ...). This article summarises the small literature that has model...

Using payday-lender administrative data matched to borrower credit attributes from a national credit bureau, I find that borrowers who engage in protracted refinancing (“rollover”) activity have better financial outcomes (measured by changes in credit scores) than consumers whose borrowing is limited to shorter periods. These results are robust to an alternative definition of a “rollover” that ...

Consumer credit scoring and credit risk management have been the core research problem in financial industry for decades. In this paper, we target at inferring this particular user attribute called credit, i.e., whether a user is of the good credit class or not, from online social data. However, existing credit scoring methods, mainly relying on financial data, face severe challenges when tackl...

Credit scoring has gained more and more attentions both in academic world and the business community today. Many modeling techniques have been developed to tackle the credit scoring tasks. Credit scoring models have been widely used by financial institutions to determine if loan customers belong to either a good applicant group or a bad applicant group. The advantages of using credit scoring mo...

The paper examines the leverage of …nancial intermediaries in a general equilibrium framework. The paper’s approach is driven by risk sharing and captures two features: Debt serves to boost the return of equity and equity to "safe net" debt. The paper …nds that if entrepreneurs cannot obtain cheaper credit from …nancial intermediaries by reducing the investment scales, the equilibrium leverage ...

This paper attempts to bridge the elds of machine learning, robotics, and distributed AI. It discusses the use of communication in reducing the undesirable eeects of locality in fully distributed multi-agent systems with multiple agents/robots learning in parallel while interacting with each other. Two key problems, hidden state and credit assignment, are addressed by applying local undirected ...