introduction: lasers, light emitting diodes (leds) and super luminous diodes (slds) are widely used to treat selected musculoskeletal, integumentary and neurological conditions. the mechanisms underlying the reported treatment effects of light therapy are unclear and the physiologic effect of light on a variety of tissues, particularly neurological, is mostly unknown. a few researchers have rep...

results it was found that in all studied wavelengths with or without methylene blue (mb), the level of all studied enzymes decreased remarkably when compared to dark controls. it was observed that the synthesis level of sod, glutathione peroxidase gp, and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase g-6-pd in e. coli decreased significantly in red light with respect to white, blue, and green light in seaw...

Orussus melanosoma Lee & Wei, sp. nov. from South Korea is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analyses place the new species basally in Orussus, together with other species from the Far East. A key to species of Orussidae from the eastern Palaearctic is provided. 

The genus Margaiostus Stibick, 1978, previously known from North and South America, is recorded for the first time in the fauna of the Palaearctic region. M. sundukovi sp. nov. is described from the Far East of Russia. The position of this species within the genus and the distribution of Margaiostus are discussed.

In this study, the effect of light wavelength on growth rate and lipid production of Synechocystis was investigated. Continuous cultivation system was used to have uniform cell density and avoid self-shading in order to obtain more precise results. Based on previous studies, red light is more efficient than other colors in the visible spectrum for cultivation of Synechocystis; however, the opti...

background and objectives : due to the extensive use of antibiotics, the spread of drug-resistant bacteria is one of the most worrisome threats to public health. one strategy that can be used to overcome potential shortcomings might be the inactivation of these organisms by photodynamic therapy. in this study, we have investigated whether drug-resistant wound-associated organisms (staphylococcu...