The floor beams of steel buildings, cold-formed steel floor joists in particular, often require large web openings, which may affect their shear capacities. A cost effective way to mitigate the detrimental effects of such openings is to weld/fasten reinforcements. A difficulty associated with an experimental investigation to establish suitable reinforcement schemes for openings in shear zone is...

The macroscopic, three-dimensional surface layout geometry of an enclosure apparently provides a different contribution for spatial reorientation than the geometric cues associated with freestanding objects arranged in arrays with similar geometric shape. Here, we showed that a unitary spatial representation can account for the capability of animals to reorient both by extended surfaces and dis...

We present a technique to efficiently importance sample distant, all-frequency illumination in indoor scenes. Standard environment sampling is inefficient in such cases since the distant lighting is typically only visible through small openings (e.g. windows). This visibility is often addressed by manually placing a portal around each window to direct samples towards the openings; however, unif...

The experimental study reported here is intended to evolve new designs of stilling basins for deep and narrow openings used as outlets. Several appurtenances such as grid, Impact wall, stepped wall, weir wall, sloping end sill and wedge shaped blocks are used to study their influence on the hydraulic performance of the stilling basins with an aim to propose efficient stilling basin models. All ...

Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of smoke extraction duct system (SEDS) in single compartments different volumes (i.e., 128 m $$^3$$ , 512 and 2400 ) with FDS 6.5.3 are presented. The required grid resolution for accurate flow inside the systems is discussed influence SEDS design parameters shape position system, number openings) on efficiency analysed. rates applied to determined a-priori based si...

This paper investigates the influence of an opening in infill steel plate on behavior trapezoidal corrugated panels. Two specimens shear walls were constructed and tested under cyclic loading. One specimen had a single rectangular opening, while other one two openings. In addition, percentage both was 18%. The initial stiffness, ultimate strength, ductility ratio energy dissipation capacity are...

This paper aims to study the behavior of steel I beams with web openings. However, openings might lead a noteworthy reduction in load-carrying capacity beams, but can also be so supportive and essential from an economic point view. An experimental investigation nonlinear three-dimensional finite element analysis using ABAQUS computer program were planned conducted on six I-beams having same dim...