where multiplication is denoted by juxtaposition; note the absence of associativity. A division algebra is a nontrivial algebra in which division is possible: for any a ∈ V and any nonzero b ∈ V , there exists precisely one element x with a = bx and precisely one element y with a = yb. A normed division algebra is a division algebra with a norm ||·|| satisfying ||xy|| = ||x|| ||y||. There are p...

In this article we describe several results based on the paper [Hur98] and which we will refer to as Hurwitz’ theorem. There are several related results: the classification of real normed division algebras, the classification of complex composition algebras and the classification of real composition algebras. The classification of real division algebras is an open problem. Our interest is in co...

The Cayley-Dickson loop Cn is the multiplicative closure of basic elements of the algebra constructed by n applications of the Cayley-Dickson doubling process (the first few examples of such algebras are real numbers, complex numbers, quaternions, octonions, sedenions). We will discuss properties of the Cayley-Dickson loops, show that these loops are Hamiltonian and describe the structure of th...

We develop a unifed theory to study geometry of manifolds with different holonomy groups. They are classified by (1) real, complex, quaternion or octonion number they are defined over and (2) being special or not. Specialty is an orientation with respect to the corresponding normed algebra A. For example, special Riemannian A-manifolds are oriented Riemannian, Calabi-Yau, Hyperkähler and G2-man...

We review some normed division algebras (R, C, H, O) applications to the monopole physics and MICZ-Kepler problems. More specifically, we will briefly results in applying interpret existence of Dirac, Yang, SO(8) monopoles. These monopoles also appear during examination duality between isotropic harmonic oscillators revisit our newest nine-dimensional problem using generalized Hurwitz transform...