the effects of including incoherent (bound-electron) and coherent (rayleigh) scattering in exposure buildup factor calculations for point isotropic gamma ray sources, penetrating a two-layer water-lead shield have been investigated in the gamma ray energy (e?) range of 40 kev to 3 mev. incoherent scattering decreases the values of these factors in both layers up to e? ~ 200 kev and the effect i...

We examine the effect of multiple scattering on large transverse momentum reactions in a simple hard scattering model. It is shown that the measured A dependence can be explained under assumptions on the hard scattering component, which are consistent with experiment. We comment on the effect of Fermi motion. (Submitted to Phys. Rev. ) *Work supported by the U. S. Energy Research & Development ...

objective: due to recent advances in nanotechnology it is now possible to accumulate high atomic-number nanomaterial such as gold nanoparticles (gnps) in cancerous cells and take advantage of their absorbed dose enhancement property as radiosensitizing agents. this study aimed to investigate the absorbed dose enhancement factor due to the presence of pegylated gnps under the irradiation of an m...

We report a first principles, self-consistent, all electron, linear combination of Gaussian orbitals (LCGO) calculation of a comprehensive collection of magneto-optical properties of nickel and iron based on density functional theory. Among the many magneto-optical effects, we have studied the equatorial Kerr effect for absorption in the optical as well as soft X-ray region, where it is called ...

background: radiation therapy is among the most conventional cancer therapeutic modalities with effective local tumor control. however, due to the development of radio-resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis often occur following radiation therapy. in recent years, combination of radiotherapy and gene therapy has been suggested to overcome this problem. the aim of the current study was to e...