this study was conducted with the aim of determining surface water contamination with cysts of entamoeba histolytica using pcr in rasht city, northern iran.in this cross-sectional study, 49 water samples including 18 rivers and 6 wetlands were collected from different regions near the city of rasht in autumn of 2012. after filtration using 0.22 μm nitrate cellulose membrane filters, the samples...

extended abstract introduction disproportionate development of cities and extended accumulation cause the phenomenon like as informal settlements. and the results of developing the informal settlements are forming different damages of economy, society and environment. results of thisseductions are inability of city a spaces in answering to largess necessity. generally this unbalance urban grow...

1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kharazmi (Tarbiat moallem) University, Tehran, Iran. 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kharazmi (Tarbiat moallem) University, Tehran, Iran. 3 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 4 Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 5 Cellular and Mo...

With the increasing demand for energy globally and need to reduce fossil fuels, paying attention renewable clean sources is necessary. Solar systems are viable among heat electricity generation. In this study, an Off-grid solar system was investigated by considering effect of climate conditions environmental factors such as dust on performance PV panels. Performance efficiency using PVsyst soft...

Atefeh Ghanbari, Pardis Rahmatpour, Fatemeh Jafaraghayee, Malahat Khalili. Associate Professor, PhD of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Msc of Nursing Education, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Assistant Professor, PhD of Nursing, Social Determinants of H...

OBJECTIVE Pregnancy is accompanied by profound alterations in thyroid economy and relative iodine deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate urinary iodine excretion of pregnant women in cities with adequate and more than adequate iodine intake. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on schoolchildren and pregnant women in four cities in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Urinary iod...

BACKGROUND Foods are enriched with variety of chemical elements. Some of these elements are necessary for human health. These elements enter in liquid, the cells and other organs, certain amount of these elements are essential for body organs to work properly. OBJECTIVES This research was conducted to compare the level of lead and cadmium contamination in garlic species planted in Ramhormoz a...