 AI algorithms like genetic algorithms and automated opponents.  Random game content and level generation.  Simulation of complex phenomena such as weather and fire.  Numerical methods such as Monte-Carlo integration.  Until recently primality proving used randomized algorithms.  Cryptography algorithms such as RSA use random numbers for key generation.  Weather simulation and other stat...

Introduction Random numbers play a large and significant role in several fields and applications from cryptography to gaming to gambling. As a result, random number generators (RNGs) occupy a similarly important role. By their very nature, however, random numbers are difficult to fabricate, especially in the large quantities that they are often needed. In this paper I will discuss various topic...