In the last decade, Radiofrequency (RF) energy has proven to be safe and highly efficacious for face and neck skin tightening, body contouring, and cellulite reduction. In contrast to first-generation Monopolar/Bipolar and "X -Polar" RF systems which use one RF generator connected to one or more skin electrodes, multisource radiofrequency devices use six independent RF generators allowing effic...

To the Editor: In recent years, the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been increasing in patients with implanted devices, such as cardiac pacemakers and neurostimulators, which used to preclude the use of MRI owing to patient safety and device malfunction concerns.(1-6) In the past few years, however, more of these implant devices have become MR-compatible and can function properly du...

Introduction: Noninvasive radiofrequency (RF) tissue heating is frequently used for skin tightening and facial wrinkle reduction as alternative to invasive surgical procedures. The aim of this technique is to heat dermis and subcutaneous tissue in order to induce modifications in the collagen structure, which is then followed by formation of new collagen fibers and long-term tissue remodeling [...

OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of reshaping cartilage using radiofrequency (RF) heating, and to examine the effects of this process on tissue biophysical properties (optical and thermal) and cellular viability. METHODS Mechanically deformed porcine septal cartilage was reshaped using 2 RF-generating devices. We performed dynamic measurements of tissue thermal and optical properties whil...

Many of today's radiofrequency-emitting devices in telecommunication, telemedicine, transportation safety, and security/military applications use the millimeter wave (MMW) band (30-300 GHz). To evaluate the biological safety and possible applications of this radiofrequency band for neuroscience and neurology, we have investigated the physiological effects of low-intensity 60-GHz electromagnetic...

In solution-state NMR spectrometers, there is a systematic deviation between the temperature of the sample and the temperature reported by the spectrometer. In addition, temperature gradients are often present in the sample. The size of both the temperature deviations and the temperature gradients depends on several factors, including the temperature, the flow rate of the heating/cooling gas, a...

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways and the atrioventricular junction often requires multiple applications of energy. The inability to determine the effects of any given application on the underlying tissue may contribute to this problem. In the present study, impedance was monitored in 20 patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation, and the relationship between an i...

Focused research on the biological effects of exposure of humans and animals to radio frequency (RF) and microwave energy goes back at least five decades. The history of committees that develop safety standards based on the results of this research goes back almost as far. One such committee that has played a major role in developing such standards is the International Committee on Electromagne...