Despite the extraordinary advances in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), the inherent limitation of the weakness of their space-based signals makes such signals easy to block intentionally or accidentally. This makes GNSS insufficient for reliable anytime, anywhere navigation, particularly in GNSS-challenged environments, such as indoors, deep urban canyons, and GNSS-denied environment...

The Deep Space Network (DSN) [1] was established in 1958 and since then it has evolved into the largest and most sensitive scientific telecommunications and radio navigation network in the world. The purpose of the DSN is to support unpiloted interplanetary spacecraft missions and support radio and radar astronomy observations in the exploration of the solar system and the universe. There are t...

Society, including many European governments, has a strong belief in the reliability of today’s primary radio navigation system, GPS. Unfortunately, space-based as well as terrestrial-based systems have some serious limitations that cannot be ignored if continuity of service plays a keyrole in the process in which these systems are used. The paper indicates some weaknesses of radio navigation s...

China’s navigation satellite system BeiDou is developed according to a three step strategy [1]. The first step construction begun in 1994 and ended in 2000, as the BeiDou Navigation Demonstration System, as known as BeiDou I, provided radio determination satellite service (RDSS). The second step covers from 2004 to 2012, and is to construct the BeiDou navigation satellite System (BDS, also call...

We examine the security of existing radio navigation protocols and attempt to define secure, scalable replacements.

Audio watermarking (AW) technology is considered for stealthy information embedding directly into audio signal. Inherent in analog radiotelephone channel interferences against watermarks are analyzed. Robust encoding/decoding algorithms are presented and appropriate project of AW system named as Automatic Radio Telephone Identification System (ARTIS) is proposed. Experiment...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system allows automatic identification of items with RFID tags using radio-waves. As the RFID tag has its unique identification number, it is also possible to detect a specific region where the RFID tag lies in. Recently it is widely been used in mobile robot navigation, localization, and mapping both in indoor and outdoor environment. This paper represents...