In this paper, an enhancement design of communication system using optical radio frequency (RF) waves in free space optical communication (FSO) system is presented. To our knowledge, it is the first time that the effect of Gamma-Gamma turbulent channel model on the performance of the proposed system is analyzed and simulated. To obtain an optical communication system with good performance and h...

extremely low frequency (elf) and radio frequency (rf) electromagnetic field may affect biological systems by raising generation free radicals by decline activities of glutathione peroxidase dismutase or increase in the lifetime of free radicals with inhibited pretreatment of cells antioxidant like that alpha tocopherol. elf and  rf electromagnetic  field maycan damaged dna  with raising level ...

Current transit data collection systems emphasize either passenger counting or vehicle location information. The prototype described in this paper represents the integration of automatic passenger counting with automatic vehicle location to allow the automatic collection of transit system performance. The system involves the incorporation of RF/ID tags into bus passes for the purpose of improvi...

Nowadays, it is easy to find radio transceivers having small size, low cost and still offering numerous functionalities. High-integration of radio-frequency (RF) circuits is still the main trend in the development of wireless devices. A down-converter is an essential part of any RF receiver. It basically performs the frequency translation between an incoming RF signal into a lower frequency to ...

CMOS radio receiver architectures, based on radio frequency (RF) sampling followed by discrete-time (DT) signal processing via switched-capacitor circuits, have recently been proposed for dedicated radio standards. This paper explores the suitability of such DT receivers for highly flexible softwaredefined radio (SDR) receivers. Via symbolic analysis and simulations we analyze the properties of...

Radio frequency (RF) energy transfer and harvesting has been intensively studied recently as a promising approach to significantly extend the lifetime of energy-constrained wireless networks. This technique has a great potential to provide relatively stable and continuous RF energy to devices wirelessly, it thus opened a new research paradigm, termed wireless-powered communication (WPC), which ...

Radio frequency (RF) power is one of the most important quantity in RF metrology. In recent years significant progress has been achieved in developing new primary RF power standards with extended frequency ranges and improved uncertainties. These developments and the results of numerous international comparisons in the field of precise RF power measurements carried out in the last years are rev...

high‑intensity focused ultrasound (hifu) is a novel treatment modality used by scientists and clinicians in the recent decades. this modality has had a great and significant success as a noninvasive surgery technique applicable in tissue ablation therapy and cancer treatment. in this study, radio frequency (rf) ultrasound signals were acquired and registered in three stages of before, during, a...