The climate change conference in Copenhagen last month went to the wire with no agreement emerging until late on the last day. Ahead of the meeting, President Obama was expected to make a significant financial commitment to a global climate protection fund rather than improve on his provisional offer of cutting emissions by 4 per cent on 990 levels by 2020. The final accord declared deep cuts i...

As is well known [1], [2], the modulation (Whitham) equations for integrable systems describe gradual variations of spectral Riemann surfaces, whose local structure defines x-, t-oscillating finite-gap potentials. The wave-dynamics problems leading to the modulation equations are typically connected with studying the long-time evolution of large-scale initial data [3], [4] and involve the semic...

The article by Walker, H. W. Degrees of Freedom. Journal of Educational Psychology. 31(4) (1940) 253-269, was transcribed from the original by Chris Olsen, George Washington High School, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Chris has made every attempt to reproduce the "look and feel" of the article as well as the article itself, and did not attempt in any way to update the symbols to more "modern" notation. Th...

A method for studying the causal structure of space-time evolution systems is presented. This method, based on a generalization of the well known Riemann problem, provides intrinsic results which can be interpreted from the geometrical point of view. A one-parameter family of hyperbolic evolution systems is presented and the physical relevance of their characteristic speeds and eigenfields is d...

We study a spatial quantum superposition of a diatomic molecule type composite system and its decoherence due to emission of electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. The time-evolution of the reduced density matrix of the system with the influence functional from radiation fields is solved using the path integral formalism. It is shown that the spatial superposition state of a composite sys...

Because of fluctuation in leg tension, pitch motion is very effective fatigue and life safety of leg elements in tension leg structures (TLSs). In this paper an exact solution for pitch vibration of a TLS interacting with ocean wave is presented. The legs of TLP are considered as elastic springs. The flow is assumed to be irrotational and single-valued velocity potentials are defined. The effec...