Introduction Pre-Quaternary paleoclimate modeling is the science of simulating climate change over the earliest 99.9% of Earth’s history using numerical models of the climate system. The record of pre-Quaternary climate documents enormous climate swings with global ice-covered and ice-free end members. A number of climate factors shaped Quaternary and pre-Quaternary paleoclimate on timescales r...

Nitrosamine formation has been associated with wastewater-impacted waters, but specific precursors within wastewater effluents have not been identified. Experiments indicated that nitrosamines form in low yields from quaternary amines, and that the nitrosamines form from the quaternary amines themselves, not just lower order amine impurities. Polymeric and benzylated quaternary amines were more...

There has been much research on codes over Z4, sometimes called quaternary codes, for over a decade. Yet, no database is available for best known quaternary codes. This work introduces a new database for quaternary codes. It also presents a new search algorithm called genetic code search (GCS), as well as new quaternary codes obtained by existing and new search methods.

There has been much research on codes over Z 4 , sometimes called quaternary codes, for over a decade. Yet, no database is available for best known quaternary codes. This work introduces a new database for quaternary codes. It also presents a new search algorithm called genetic code search (GCS), as well as new quaternary codes obtained by existing and new search methods.

BACKGROUND According to the Wonca International Dictionary for General/Family Practice Quaternary Prevention is defined as: 'Action taken to identify patient at risk of overmedicalization, to protect him from new medical invasion, and to suggest to him interventions, which are ethically acceptable.' The concept of quaternary prevention was initially proposed by Marc Jamoulle and the targets wer...

Deciphering the mechanism(s) of β-sheet mediated self-assembly is essential for understanding amyloid fibril formation and for the fabrication of polypeptide materials. Herein, we report a simple peptidomimetic that self-assembles into polymorphic β-sheet quaternary structures including protofilaments, filaments, fibrils, and ribbons that are reminiscent of the highly ordered structures display...

InA1GaiN quaternary alloys with different In and Al compositions were grown on sapphire substrates with GaN buffer by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Optical properties of these quaternary alloys were studied by picosecond time-resolved photoluminescence. Our studies have revealed that InAlGaiN quaternary alloys with lattice matched with GaN (y—4.7x) have the highest optical qu...

It is well known that the sequence of amino acids in proteins code for its tertiary structure. It is also known that there exists a relationship between sequence and the quaternary structure of proteins. The question addressed here is whether the nature of quaternary association can be predicted from the sequence, similar to the three-dimensional structure prediction from the sequence. The clas...

Tests to determine the potential use of a quaternary ammonium resin-triiodide complex as a sterilizing agent showed that it was an ineffective sporicide and that bactericidal activity was impaired by complex milieu.

An asymmetric cyclization of alkynols triggered addition of azlactones catalyzed by a combined catalyst system consisting of a chiral gold phosphate and a phosphoric acid produces conformationally restricted amino acid precursors bearing vicinal quaternary stereogenic centers in high levels of stereoselectivity. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. The enantioselective construction of quater...