This study reveals on fatwas concerning cigarettes in the Archipelago 19th century. The primary source is an Arabic manuscript from Kuningan, West Java, digitized by DREAMSEA, entitled “Bāb fī Bayān Ḥukm Shurb al-Dukhān”. It does not only use arguments sharia, interpretation of ulama, and health reasons but also refers to myths conspiracies. finds that this mentions existence ḥaram (prohibited)...

This study aims to describe and find out (1) the types of muqobalah "in book ihya' ulumuddin" (2) wisdom contained in muqabalah sentence. research is library because primary data secondary are books or related documents. uses a qualitative descriptive technique through badi science approach. The results as follows. reading first volume Ihya 'Ulumuddin which carried sentence author lot words tha...