Phosphorus-containing catalyst supports synthesized by coating and pyrolysis of phosphonium ionic liquids lead to improved fuel cell properties.

At present, gas chromatography–quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-qMS) is considered the gold standard amongst analytical techniques for fire debris analysis in forensic laboratories worldwide, specifically for the detection and classification of ignitable liquids. Due to the highly complex and unpredictable nature of fire debris, traditional one-dimensional GC-qMS often produces chromatograms th...

BACKGROUND The use of fossil carbon sources for fuels and petrochemicals has serious impacts on our environment and is unable to meet the demand in the future. A promising and sustainable alternative is to substitute fossil carbon sources with microbial cell factories converting lignocellulosic biomass into desirable value added products. However, such bioprocesses require tolerance to inhibito...

Thermochemical conversion of sugarcane bagasse into bio-crude oils by fluidized-bed reactor has been taken into consideration in this study. The bagasse in particle form was pyrolyzed in an externally heated 7cm diameter and 37.5cm high fluidized-bed reactor with nitrogen as a carrier gas. The reactor chamber and gas-preheater were heated by means of a renewable energy biomass source cylindrica...

NREL's thermochemical biomass conversion research is focused on ex-situ upgrading of fast-pyrolysis (FP) vapors as an efficient route to completely biogenic pyrolysis-based fuel precursors, fuels, and value-added chemicals depending catalyst process conditions. A near term pathway being developed uses these liquids for co-processing with petroleum feedstocks assess carbon incorporation in hydro...

In this paper, the evolution in thermochemical behaviours of hospital plastic wastes and changes in chemical composition and characteristics of pyrolysis liquid products have been investigated by using different fixed bed reactor scales. The main objective is to identify the critical technical parameters enabling thermochemical process adaptation in function of raw materials chemical structure,...

Pyrolysis vapor upgrading can improve the stability of pyrolysis liquids to facilitate storage, transport, and drop in use as fuels chemical feedstocks existing refining infrastructure. This study investigates a low cost iron based catalyst for mild in-situ fast vapors increase liquid. Iron-doped montmorillonite K10 catalysts were characterized by ICP-OES, BET porosimetry, XRD, XPS, NH3-TPD. Th...

The possibilities and limits of pyrolysis as a means of recycling plastic rich fractions derived from discarded phones have been studied. Two plastic rich samples (⩾80wt% plastics) derived from landline and mobile phones provided by a Spanish recycling company, have been pyrolysed under N2 in a 3.5dm3 reactor at 500°C for 30min. The landline and mobile phones yielded 58 and 54.5wt% liquids, 16....