This research showed that appropriate input and suitable contexts for interaction among students can lead to successful  second language acquisition (SLA). This study based on Swain's (2005) notion of collaborative dialogue, aimed to study whether EFL learners participating in negotiation of meaning based tasks collaborate with each other and, if so, to investigate the role of this behavior in ...

1. Clenbuterol has been proposed for the treatment of muscle wasting disorders, but its long-term effects on skeletal muscle function have not been tested rigorously. We tested the hypothesis that year-long treatment of young (6 months) mice with clenbuterol would increase skeletal muscle mass and in vitro measurements of specific force (Po) and power output. 2. Male mice (C57BL/10ScSn) were di...

Postnatal transitions in myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression were found to be associated with changes in both isometric and isotonic contractile properties of rat diaphragm muscle (Diam). Expression of MHCneo predominated in neonatal Diam fibers but was usually coexpressed with MHCslow or MHC2A isoforms. Expression of MHCneo disappeared by day 28. Expression of MHC2X and MHC2B emerged a...

The present study investigated relationships between changes in power output (PO) to torque (TOR) or freely chosen cadence (FCC) during thermal loading. Twenty participants cycled at a constant rating of perceived exertion while ambient temperature (Ta) was covertly manipulated at 20-min intervals of 20 °C, 35 °C, and 20 °C. The magnitude responses of PO, FCC and TOR were analyzed using repeate...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the power output (PO) during the cycle phase of the Beijing World Cup test event of the Olympic triathlon in China 2008. METHODS Ten elite triathletes (5 females, 5 males) performed two laboratory tests: an incremental cycling test during which PO, HR at ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2), and maximal aerobic power (MAP) were assessed, and a bri...

This study aimed at investigating the relative impact of comprehensible input and comprehensible output on the development of grammatical accuracy and syntactic complexity of Iranian EFL learners’ oral production. Participants were 60 female EFL learners selected from a whole population pool of 80 based on the standard test of IELTS. To investigate the research questions, the participants were ...

The responses to supramaximal exercise testing have been traditionally analyzed by means of standard parametric and nonparametric statistics. Unfortunately, these statistical approaches do not allow insight into the pattern of variation of a given parameter over time. The purpose of this study was to determine if the application of dynamic factor analysis (DFA) allowed discriminating different ...

In a shared buffer packet switch, a good buffer management scheme will reduce the overall packet loss probability and improve the fairness among different output queues. In this paper, a novel buffer control scheme called threshold-based partial sharing (TPS) is proposed. The key idea of the TPS is to separate the output ports into active and inactive output ports according to whether their que...