the united states president’s emergency plan for aids relief (pepfar) emphasizes health systems strengthening as a cornerstone of programmatic success. health systems strengthening, among other things, includes effective capacity building for clinical care, administrative management and public health practice. avante zambéziais a district-level in-service training program for administrative sta...

despite fiscal stress, public confidence in the national health service (nhs) remains strong; privatisation has not hollowed out the service. but if long term challenges are to be overcome, pragmatism not rhetoric should be the guide.

public organizations as an important element in the provision of basic public services for citizens and as policy makers and implemente agents of have an important role in every society’s economy (it is characterized by being a service-oriented) including iran. playing such a role requires an innovative approach to public services and using appropriate strategies to accomplish this. the present...