Validation of psychological tests has not yet been adequately conceptualized, as the APA Committee on Psychological Tests learned when it undertook (1950-54) to specify what qualities should be investigated before a test is published. In order to make coherent recommendations the Committee found it necessary to distinguish four types of validity, established by different types of research and r...

We are often told today that we should avoid labeling people as schizophrenic or, indeed, as suffering from any other psychiatric illnesses. Those who support this vision seem to believe in some negative kind of magic which resembles that of the ostrich who, they say, buries his head in the sand in order not to perceive his pursuer. I believe there is no solid foundation for the ostrich story; ...

THIS paper reports some special aspects of a research project which has been carried on for the past three and a half years. The major part of the project was the clinical study of eminent research scientists in various fields of science, and a consideration of differences and similarities among them in life histories and test performances. The full reports of the study have been published else...

AIM to establish age- and education-adjusted mean psychometric test scores of cognitively normal elderly Chinese people in Singapore. METHOD 155 community-living, cognitively intact elderly Chinese subjects, stratified according to age and education, were selected from the membership lists of senior citizens' clubs and were administered a neuropsychological assessment battery. The mean test s...

February 2002 • American Psychologist able to improve on the validity of their assessment conclusions (Garb, 1998; Grove, Zald, Lebow, Snitz, & Nelson, 2000). Because Meyer et al. (2001) provided an overly optimistic evaluation of current psychological assessment practices, many readers of their article are likely to conclude that the scientific status of psychological assessment is firmly esta...

Theory of Mind (ToM) has been proposed to explain social interactions, with real people but also with fictional characters, by interpreting their mind as well as our own. "Perspective embedding" exploits ToM by placing events in characters' minds (e.g., "he remembered she was home"). Three levels of embedment, common in literature, may be a "sweet spot" that provides enough information about a ...

The present article reports findings on intelligence and personality functioning during the school period and at adolescence in a sample of kibbutz and urban Israeli children at risk for schizophrenia, as measured by a standard psychological test battery. On the first round of testing it was found that the index subjects, when compared with their controls, showed a significantly lower level in ...