Behavioral momentum theory provides a quantitative account of how reinforcers experienced within a discriminative stimulus context govern the persistence of behavior that occurs in that context. The theory suggests that all reinforcers obtained in the presence of a discriminative stimulus increase resistance to change, regardless of whether those reinforcers are contingent on the target behavio...

background psychological capital with components of hope, self efficacy, optimism, and resiliency has been recently proposed to bring positive psychology to the workplace. objectives we investigated psychological capital states of employees of the tehran university of medical sciences (tums) headquarter offices in tehran, iran. materials and methods a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical...

background implant removal is a common procedure in orthopedic surgery which can be associated with many complications such as scar formation, hematoma, nerve injury, infection, and refracture. indications for orthopedic implant removal have declined in recent years. most studies have considered orthopedic hardware removal as an unnecessary procedure in the absence of severe complications such ...

objective: the main purpose of this study was to validate the short-form of the emotional skills and competence questionnaire (escq) scale among iranian undergraduate students.   method: a total of 250 nurse undergraduate students participated in this study. participants completed the escq in addition to measures of sheering emotional intelligence questionnaire and student's demographic questio...

Network analysis is a promising step forward in efforts to align psychological assessment with explanatory theory in psychological science. The implications of Cramer et al.'s analysis are quite general. Networks analysis may illuminate functional relations not only among observable behaviors that comprise psychological disorders, but among cognitive and affective processes that causally contri...

results the overall perceived stress mean was 32.02 (sd = 5.08). eighty-three percent of the medical students perceived stress. students in clinical phase perceived more stress than basic sciences ones [or 2.25, 95% ci 1.809 - 4.032]. logistic regression analysis showed demographic (including gender and residential status), psychosocial and academic factors and the phase of study as sources of ...

this research aimed to study of the effects of classroom goal structures on students’ psychological wellbeing with respect to the mediating role of self-efficacy and basic psychological needs. in this regard, the effects of performance and mastery goal structure as exogenous variables with self-efficacy and basic psychological needs as mediating variables on wellbeing were tested through a hypo...