In 1970, the United States Drug Enforcement Administration passed Controlled Substances Act. This statute classified and banned a variety of drugs including psilocybin, psychoactive component found in Psilocybe Cubensis (also known as "Magic Mushrooms"). Though psilocybin was to possess many medical benefits cause no serious side effects, Act designated it one most dangerous drugs, earning Sche...

The most economically important plant pathogens in the genus Pseudoperonospora (family Peronosporaceae) are Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli, causal agents of downy mildew on cucurbits and hop, respectively. Recently, P. humuli was reduced to a taxonomic synonym of P. cubensis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data and morphological characteristics. Nomenclature has ma...

A Prehistoric Mural in Spain Depicting Neurotropic Psilocybe Mushrooms? The Selva Pascuala mural, a work of post-Paleolithic rock art in Spain, contains fungoid figures herein hypothesized to depict neurotropic fungi, especially Psilocybe hispanica, a species that occurs in a neighboring region. This hypothesis is based on features of these figures related to fungal morphology, along with ethno...

JOCHEN GARTZ Observations on the Psilocybe cyanescens complex of Europe and North America. Several specimens of the Psilocybe cyanescens complex form Europe and North America were recently collected for scientific study and herbarium deposit. This paper presents an investigation of the indole derivatives of mushrooms from the Czech Republic (Psilocybe bohemica) and some collections from Germany...

Os macrofungos, incluídos dentro dos filos Ascomycota e Basidiomycota, são definidos como fungos que possuem estruturas reprodutoras macroscópicas, apresentando-se em carpóforos, cogumelos ou esporocarpos. Embora se note extrema diversidade distribuição do grupo distintos níveis taxonômicos, as espécies de macrofungos descritas correspondem apenas a 10% número estimado. Com isso, objetivou-se r...

A reexamination of the holotypes of Pylocheles cubensis Ortiz & Gómez, 1986 and Pylocheles (Bathycheles) chacei Forest, 1987 has shown that these two deep-water taxa are identical. Pylocheles cubensis is the senior synonym and is assigned to the subgenus Bathycheles Forest, 1987, replacing P. (B.) chacei as the single Western Atlantic representative of the subgenus. Pylocheles (Bathycheles) cub...

Five new species of Psilocybe from the Caribbean are described: P. caribaea, P. egonii, P. subpsilocybioides, P. zapotecoantillarum and P. zapotecocaribaea. All except P. zapotecocaribaea, which is known only from Martinique, are native to Puerto Rico. Psilocybe guilartensis, previously described from Puerto Rico, is the most commonly collected species of Psilocybe in Puerto Rico. New informati...

Downy mildew pathogens affect several economically important crops worldwide but, due to their obligate nature, few genetic resources are available for genomic and population analyses. Draft genomes for emergent downy mildew pathogens such as the oomycete Pseudoperonospora cubensis, causal agent of cucurbit downy mildew, have been published and can be used to perform comparative genomic analysi...

ABSTRACT Cryphonectria cubensis is the causal agent of a serious canker disease of Eucalyptus spp. in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. In this study, a South African C. cubensis isolate was transfected by electroporation with a synthetic RNA transcript corresponding to the full-length coding strand of the C. parasitica hypovirus (CHV1-EP713). Hypovirus infection resulted in pronounc...