Hemoglobin (Hb) in the hyaluronic acid (HA) was cast at pyrolytic graphite (PG) electrodes for researching its electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties. The formal potential and electron transfer rate constant of Hb on HA films were determined, and the stability of the films, the pH effect, and the influence of supporting electrolyte concentrations upon Hb electrochemistry on the films w...

Electrochemically induced protein dimerization often happens when two electrochemically generated radicals or other charged species come into intimate contact. In such an event, dimers might be created due to hydrogen bonding because of interactions uncoupled free electrons in both proteins. The process is triggered by the applied potential difference that affects amount monomeric species. case...

The recent structural characterization of the NrfA from Escherichia coli provides a framework to rationalize the spectroscopic and functional properties of this enzyme. Analyses by EPR and magnetic CD spectroscopies have been complemented by protein-film voltammetry and these are discussed in relation to the essential structural features of the enzyme.

Biological electron-exchange reactions are fundamental to life on earth. Redox reactions underpin respiration, photosynthesis, molecular biosynthesis, cell signalling and protein folding. Chemical, biomedical and future energy technology developments are also inspired by these natural electron transfer processes. Further developments in techniques and data analysis are required to gain a deeper...

Carbon film disk electrodes with Nafion coatings have been characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a view to a better understanding of their advantages and limitations in electroanalysis, particularly in anodic stripping voltammetry of metal ions. After initial examination by cyclic voltammetry, spectra were recorded over the full potential range in acetate buffer sol...

Thin film voltammetry was used to obtain direct, reversible, electron transfer between electrodes and spinach Photosystem I reaction center (PS I) in lipid films for the first time. This reaction center (RC) protein retains its native conformation in the films, and AFM showed that film structure rearranges during the first several minutes of rehydration of the film. Two well-defined chemically ...

The relentless discovery of cancer biomarkers demands improved methods for their detection. In this work, we developed protein imprinted polymer on three-dimensional gold nanoelectrode ensemble (GNEE) to detect epithelial ovarian cancer antigen-125 (CA 125), a protein biomarker associated with ovarian cancer. CA 125 is the standard tumor marker used to follow women during or after treatment for...

Deciphering the mechanism, kinetics and energetics of biological electron-transfer reactions requires a robust, rapid reproducible protein-film voltammetry information recovery process. Here we describe semi-automated computational approach for inferring chemical reaction parameters simple protein system, bacterial cytochrome domain from Cellvibrio japonicus that displays reversible one-electro...

A single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based three-electrode system was fully integrated on glass substrates using a standard microfabrication process and electrochemically characterized using cyclic voltammetry. O(2) plasma functionalization of the SWCNT film working electrode for achieving high sensitivity was voltammetrically optimized with respect to the plasma power and treatment time. Ch...

The electrochemical analysis of tetracycline was investigated using nickel-implanted boron-doped diamond thin film electrode by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry with a flow injection system. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline. Comparison experiments were carried out using as-deposited boron-doped diamond thin film electrode (BDD). Nickel-implant...