BACKGROUND Interstital cystitis is often treated with exogenous glycosaminoglycans such as heparin, chondroitin sulphate (Uracyst), hyaluronate (Cystistat) or the semi-synthetic pentosan polysulphate (Elmiron). The mechanism of action is presumed to be due to a coating of the bladder surface to replace the normally present chondroitin sulphate and heparan sulphate lost as a result of the diseas...

background: heat shock protein a2 (hspa2) is correlated with sperm maturity and function. therefore, dysfunctional expression of this gene results in abnormal spermatogenesis. on the other hand, dna damage in spermatozoa is considered to be an important cause of male infertility, and the presence of sperm with dna fragmentation and chromatin abnormalities in human ejaculates is well documented,...

a:4:{s:9:"Objective";s:680:"Surgery is considered the primary treatment for male infertility from clinical varicocele. One of the main events associated with varicocele is excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant that scavenges free radicals, is considered a supplement to alleviate glutathione (GSH) depletion during oxidative stress. Despi...

Background: Varicocele is considered as a common cause of male infertility and can affect spermatogenesis. In addition, it also predisposed sperm to chromatin damage and morphological alternation. Other factors, such as environmental and genetic conditions also predispose sperm to these conditions. To answer this question, we aimed to evaluation of DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency thr...

Background Heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) is correlated with sperm maturity and function. Therefore, dysfunctional expression of this gene results in abnormal spermatogenesis. On the other hand, DNA damage in spermatozoa is considered to be an important cause of male infertility, and the presence of sperm with DNA fragmentation and chromatin abnormalities in human ejaculates is well documented, ...

Macromolecular biomolecules are currently dethroning classical small molecule therapeutics because of their improved targeting and delivery properties. Protamine-a polycationic peptide-represents a promising candidate. In nature, it binds protects DNA against degradation during spermatogenesis due to electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged DNA-phosphate backbone positively pro...

introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between protamine deficiency assessed by cma3 and protamine 1/ protamine 2 (p1/p2) ratio. material and methods: this study was carried out on 71 patients referring to isfahan fertility and infertility center. semen analysis was assessed according to who criteria. cma3 staining was use to determine protamine deficiency. p1/p2 ratio...

Objective To examine if methylene blue (MB) can counteract or prevent protamine (P) cardiovascular effects. Methods The protocol included five heparinized pig groups: Group Sham -without any drug; Group MB - MB 3 mg/kg infusion; Group P - protamine; Group P/MB - MB after protamine; Group MB/P - MB before protamine. Nitric oxide levels were obtained by the nitric oxide/ozone chemiluminescence ...

Objective Imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total antioxidant capacity in testis, epididymis, and seminal fluid can eventually lead to subfertility and infertility. Abnormal chromatin packaging, and DNA fragmentation is considered as the main underlying causes. In this regard, we aimed to assess relationship between sperm parameters with DNA damage, protamine def...

Protamine sulfate can be administrated to decrease the risk of bleeding after carotid artery stenting (CAS) procedure. Although a few studies reported data regarding efficacy and safety protamine, existing literature assessing its impact under more personalized patient circumstances is limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed identify potential factors where patients are likely benefit from ...