Prokinetic drugs are being used with increasing frequency in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders including functional dyspepsia (FD) and constipation-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-C). Mosapride is a gastro-prokinetic agent that acts as a selective 5-HT4 agonist thereby accelerating gastric emptying. It has been used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (I...

Scintigraphic techniques can measure sequentially gastric emptying, small bowel transit, and colonic transit in humans, and comparable methods for experimental studies in animals would be useful. We developed such a method in dogs and examined the effects of prokinetic drugs on regional transit. Two isotopes were given to fasting dogs. Polystyrene pellets labeled with99mTc were mixed in a can o...

The commonly reported gastrointestinal side effects that occur with erythromycin are related to its prokinetic action on the gut, mediated, at least in part, by its motilin receptor stimulating activity. This action may be of clinical use in conditions associated with gastrointestinal hypomotility such as diabetic gastroparesis and intestinal pseudo-obstruction, although further work needs to b...

The prokinetic effect of metoclopramide is mediated through the blockade of enteric (neuronal and muscular) inhibitory dopamine D2 receptors, and metoclopramide has the ability to stimulate 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors (2). Metoclopramide also exerts inhibitory effects on D2 receptors centrally (located outside the blood-brain barrier), and these contribute to its antiemetic effect. Metoclopramide...

Treatment for ileus includes decompression of the stomach, replacement of fluid and electrolyte losses with parenteral fluids, and use of a variety of prokinetic agents. However, there is disagreement as to the effects of indwelling stomach tubes on reflux, the rate of fluid replacement, and the most effective prokinetic agents to use. Therefore, this review is intended to provide a rational, s...

Problems with antibiotic resistant bacteria are increasing in the hospital and particularly in the intensive care unit. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumanii and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing gram-negative bacilli constitute a therapeutic and infection control challenge. Early enteral feeding improves survival in patients in the intensive care unit. Pr...

We investigated the in vivo and in vitro locus of actions of prokinetics: motilin, erythromycin, and ABT-229. The test substances were infused close intra-arterially in short segments of the jejunum in the intact conscious state. Each prokinetic acted on a presynaptic neuron and utilized at least one nicotinic synapse to stimulate circular muscle contractions. The final neurotransmitter at the ...

Sarna, Sushil K., Asensio Gonzalez, and Robert P. Ryan. Enteric locus of action of prokinetics: ABT-229, motilin, and erythromycin. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 278: G744–G752, 2000.—We investigated the in vivo and in vitro locus of actions of prokinetics: motilin, erythromycin, and ABT-229. The test substances were infused close intra-arterially in short segments of the jejunum in t...