Uncertainty plays a major role in any project evaluation and management process. One of the trickiest parts of any production project work is its cost and time forecasting. Since in the initial phases of production projects uncertainty is at its highest level, a reliable method of project scheduling and cash flow generation is vital to help the managers reach successful implementation of the ...

risk and uncertainty in agricultural activities are being considered by agricultural producers as main obstacle in adopting new technologies and also mentioned as a hinder for the new agricultural investment. risk management is important and should be taken into account since uncertainty is inherent in the price and production as well as income of the farmers. in this paper, we study the role o...

Uncertainty in production prediction has been subject to numerous investigations. Geological and reservoir engineering data comprise a huge number of data entries to the simulation models. Thus, uncertainty of these data can largely affect the reliability of the simulation model. Due to these reasons, it is worthy to present the desired quantity with a probability distribution instead of a sing...

interest as investment opportunity cost or in other words cost of obtaining the credit requirement in the production process, have a key role in the good's cost price and hence it's necessary to control this kind of variables that have harmful effects on the interest rate's trends. among this, the unexpected changes in some variables that can have destructive effects on interest ...

open-pit production scheduling (opps) problem focuses on determining a block sequencing and scheduling to maximize net present value (npv) of the venture under constraints. the scheduling model is critically sensitive to the economic value volatility of block, block weight, and operational capacity. in order to deal with the opps uncertainties, various approaches can be recommended. robust opti...