a case with bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax was presented. etiology, mechanism, and treatment were discussed on the review of literature. spontaneous pneumothorax is a clinical entity resulting from a sudden non traumatic rupture of the lung. biach reported in 1880 that 78% of 916 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax had tuberculosis. kjergaard emphasized 1932 the primary importance of sub...

The case histories of two patients with clinically diverse forms of the very rare entity primary, spontaneous mesencephalic hemorrhage are presented. Each exhibited characteristic mesencephalic signs and neuroimaging profiles. However, both patients differed markedly in their predisposing factors, state of arousal, memory, temporal course and functional residua. One patient was unique in displa...

introduction: primary ovarian failure (pof) is a syndrome composed of amenorrhea, estrogen deficiency and follicular stimulating hormone (fsh) of menopausal ranges in young women. in this article, we report a case of primary amenorrhea that presented with full term pregnancy.case presentation: a 29-year old woman with a history of primary amenorrhea attended hospital with full term pregnancy. s...

Spontaneous rupture or avulsion of the vagina from the cervix during labour is a rare condition. The term colporrhexis describes this obstetric injury and it is subdi­ vided into primary or secondary, spontaneous or traumatic, complete or incomplete. Incomplete colporrhexis includes rupture of the vaginal epithelium and the muscularis, whereas complete involves the overlying peritoneum as well....