A process for lignin removal from alkaline pulping liquors (black liquors) has been developed within the FRAM2 R&D Program (Future Resource Adapted Pulp Mill, part 2). The lignin product (Fig. 1) from a demonstration plant, owned and operated by Innventia (formerly STFI-Packforsk), was characterized and used in different combustion trials with good results – co-firing of lignin and bark in a fl...

Black liquor is the residue from the kraft paper pulp process and consists, mainly, of water, lignin, organic residues from cellulose and hemicelluloses and inorganic matter (mostly sodium, potassium and sulfur). Before any combustion or gasification, the dry content of the black liquor is increased, typically from 14-18% to 75-80%, to permit autogenous combustion and high conversion efficiency...

The combustion of coal in power plants generates solids (e-g., fly ash, bottom ash) and flue gas (e.g., SOX, C02). New Clean Air Act mandated reduction of SOX emissions from coal burning power plants. As a result, a variety of Clean Coal Technologies (CCT) are implemented to comply with these amendments. However, most of the CCT processes transfer environmentally sensitive elements (e.g., As, C...

Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is a low-cost CO2 capture technology highly competitive for industrial and energy applications. Up to date, CLC has been mostly developed at atmospheric pressure. Pressurized may bring additional advantages due the intensification of process. The main objective this work was determine whether an increase in operating pressure could improve fuel conversion syste...