It has been suggested that infection during perinatal life may lie at the etiological root of schizophrenia. It has thus been hypothesized that the origin of schizophrenia may lie either in direct fetal infection and/or in a generally increased familial susceptibility to infections, some of which may occur during pregnancy. We explored these 2 hypotheses by assessing maternal infection during p...

Citation: Simanek AM, Uddin M, Yolken RH and Aiello AE (2016) Use of Archived Neonatal Bloodspots for Examining Associations between Prenatal Exposure to Potentially Traumatic or Stressful Life Events, Maternal Herpesvirus Infection and Lifetime History of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Offspring. Front. Environ. Sci. 4:54. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2016.00054 Use of Archived Neonatal Bloodspots for ...

There is increasing interest in and evidence for altered immune factors in the etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Stimulated by various epidemiological findings reporting elevated risk of schizophrenia following prenatal exposure to infection, one line of current research aims to explore the potential contribution of immune-mediated disruption of early brain development in the preci...

BACKGROUND: Although chronic liver disease remains a major area of health disparity for American Indian (AI) people, the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among AI people is poorly documented. Because of suspected high local prevalence, two remote AI clinics in the Northern Plains implemented universal prenatal HCV screening in 2005. When this screening program reported an unexp...

BACKGROUND The rate of vertical HIV transmission has decreased in Brazil, but regional inequalities suggest problems in implementing control measures during pregnancy and delivery. The aims of this study were to ascertain the coverage of HIV testing during prenatal care and estimate the prevalence of HIV infection during pregnancy in Brazil. METHODS This was a national hospital-based study of...

The intrauterine environment was long considered sterile. However, several infectious threats are already present during fetal life. This review focuses on the postnatal immunological consequences of prenatal exposure to microorganisms and related inflammatory stimuli. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems of the fetus and neonate are immature, which makes them highly susceptible to infec...

a hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a global public health problem. in endemic areas, hbv infection occurs mainly during infancy and early childhood, with mother to child transmission (mtct) accounting for approximately half of the transmission routes of chronic hbv infections. prevention of mtct is an essential step in reducing the global burden of chronic hbv. natal transmission accounts f...

The Zika virus has spread rapidly in the Americas since its first identification in Brazil in early 2015. Prenatal Zika virus infection has been linked to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, most notably microcephaly and other serious brain anomalies. To determine whether Zika virus infection during pregnancy causes these adverse outcomes, we evaluated available data using criteria that have ...

Objective: Prenatal maternal stress is a known risk factor for preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant health problems may have long-term impacts on the offspring. The study aimed to assess pandemic-related pregnancy among group of Egyptian women during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: used descriptive cross-sectional design 100 pregnant who were selected using purposive sample technique. was con...