Adaptive clinical trial design has been proposed as a promising new approach that may improve the drug discovery process. Proponents of adaptive sample size re-estimation promote its ability to avoid 'up-front' commitment of resources, better address the complicated decisions faced by data monitoring committees, and minimize accrual to studies having delayed ascertainment of outcomes. We invest...

During recent years, there was growing demand in using microalga valuable products such as β-carotene in health care. β-Carotene has anti-cancer and anti-aging properties for human. In Dunaliella salina cells, β-carotene has a major protecting role for biomolecules, when the production of reactive oxygen species elevated. In the present study, we investigated the influence of the four most effe...

OBJECTIVE Recent brain-computer interface (BCI) assisted stroke rehabilitation protocols tend to focus on sensorimotor activity of the brain. Relying on evidence claiming that a variety of brain rhythms beyond sensorimotor areas are related to the extent of motor deficits, we propose to identify neural correlates of motor learning beyond sensorimotor areas spatially and spectrally for further u...

In this study, we investigated whether reading influences contrast adaptation differently in young adult emmetropic and myopic participants at the spatial frequencies created by text rows and character strokes. Pre-adaptation contrast sensitivity was measured for test gratings with spatial frequencies of 1cdeg(-1) and 4cdeg(-1), presented horizontally and vertically. Participants then adapted t...

Wavelength discrimination for 1000-Td yellow lights was measured as a function of the wavelength of a 10-Td pre-adaptation field. Blue and red pre-adaptation fields impaired discrimination more than did violet or green fields. Our fields appear to act at a site that differences the longand middle-wave cone signals, but this does not correspond to the 'red-green7 process of Opponent Colours Theory.

This article responds to the critique by Nicholas Dew (2007) on an earlier article by Cattani (2006) which suggested that Cattani’s use of the term “pre-adaptation” should be replaced by an alternative term “exaptation.” The article responds to that suggestion and attempts to redirect discussion toward the evolutionary significance of pre-adaptation within the context of technology, a task cent...

This article investigates how anchor firms sustain high tech clusters rejuvenation by means of technological pre-adaptation. Based on evidences are drawn from the comparison of the evolution of two nano-electronics clusters, i.e., Grenoble (France) and Catania (Italy) clusters which are sharing the same anchor tenant firm STMicroelectronics. Cluster rejuvenation comes from pre-adaptation of act...

Mismatches between pre-qualified existing components and the particular reuse context in applications have been a major factor hindering component reusability and successful composition. Although component adaptation has acted as a key solution of eliminating these mismatches, deep adaptation is often either impossible or incurring heavy overheads in the components. This paper proposes an appro...