An R-module M is observable ii all its elements can be distinguished by observing them by means of linear morphisms from M to R. We show that free observable R-modules can be explicitly described as the cores of the nal power domains with characteristic semiring R. Then, the general theory is applied to the cases of the lower and the upper semiring. All lower modules are observable, whereas the...

The variety of power domain constructions proposed in the literature is put into a general algebraic framework. Power constructions are considered algebras on a higher level: for every ground domain, there is a power domain whose algebraic structure is speciied by means of axioms concerning the algebraic properties of the basic operations empty set, union, singleton, and extension of functions....

In this paper, we describe three distinct monoids over domains, each with a commutative analog, the latter of which define bag domain monoids. Our results were inspired by work by Varacca (Varacca 2003), and they lead to a constructive approach to his Hoare indexed valuations over a continuous poset P . We use our constructive approach to describe an analog of the probabilistic power domain and...

Monoclonal antibodies are now established as key therapeutics for a range of diseases including cancer and auto-immunity. However, despite important improvements, these molecules still face several serious limitations including production costs and tumor penetration. A new class of antibody fragments, made of a single immunoglobulin domain, is emerging as an exciting alternative. This review de...

background: protein-protein interactions do not provide any direct information re­garding the domains within the proteins that mediate the interactions. the majority of proteins are multi domain proteins and the interaction between them is often defined by the pairs of their domains. most of the former studies focus only on interacting do­main pairs. however they do not consider the interaction...

Background: Protein-protein interactions do not provide any direct information re‌garding the domains within the proteins that mediate the interactions. The majority of proteins are multi domain proteins and the interaction between them is often defined by the pairs of their domains. Most of the former studies focus only on interacting do‌main pairs. However they do not consider the in...

For the semantics of probabilistic features in programming mainly two approaches are used for building models. One is the Giry monad of Borel probability measures over metric spaces, and the other is Jones’ probabilistic powerdomain monad [6] over dcpos (directed complete partial orders). This paper places itself in the second domain theoretical tradition. The probabilistic powerdomain monad is...

Background: The C2 domain is a Ca2 sensor that drives the first step in the activation of conventional PKC isozymes. Results:Hydrophobic interactions drive membrane association and electrostatic interactions drive membrane retention of the C2 domain. Conclusion: The amplitude and location of conventional PKC signaling is controlled by residues in the C2 domain. Significance: Point mutations in ...

A completion via Frink ideals is used to define a convex powerdomain of an arbitrary continuous lattice as a continuous lattice. The powerdomain operator is a functor in the category of continuous lattices and continuous inf-preserving maps and preserves projective limits and surjectivity of morphisms; hence one can solve domain equations in which it occurs. Analogous results hold for algebraic...