alternative assessment approaches received considerable attention soon after a discontent with traditional, one-shot testing. these approaches, however, have been used only to improve learners’ linguistic ability despite communicative models of language which pointed that knowledge of language also involves pragmatic ability (bachman, 1990; bachman & palmer, 1996). the present study tries t...

Abstract The articles in this special issue account for the use of pragmatic markers a variety languages by taking contrastive approach and applying corpus methodology. This introduction article describes these notions way they are manifested each contribution. studies contribute to fledging field pragmatics, which encompasses investigations phenomena comparing usage across or within languages....

Abstract Acknowledging the critical nature of EMI lecturers as bi- or multilinguals, this Chapter continues investigation into cross-linguistic influence now turning attention to its pragmatic features. It focuses on Chinese lecturers’ metalinguistic skills, particularly L1 (Chinese) L2 (English) transfer in their use markers (PMs). The is informed by current studies arguing that highly profici...

This research was an attempt to find the relationship between English discourse markers and their Farsi translations. It was conducted in order to find out whether DMs translations completely demonstrate source texts orientation and to what extent DMs translations are functionally appropriate compared to the original text? Six instruments were used. Three of them were the original English books...

This  paper  focuses  on  some  pragmatic  expressions  that  are  characteristic  of  informal  spoken English, their possible equivalents in some other languages, and their use by EFL learners from different  backgrounds.  These  expressions,  called  general  extenders  (e.g.  and  stuff,  or something), are shown to be different from discourse markers and to exhibit variation in form, funct...